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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. Whose technique is considered to be impeccable, according to this chapter of the book?

2. ________ Whitman is the focus of this chapter, even though he was not a photographer in his time.

3. People with _________ are more likely to have cameras than people who do not have them.

4. Arbus simply strove to present the subjects of her photographs as ____________ to the viewers.

5. Sontag defines photography as an aid to ______________ in the opening chapter.

Short Essay Questions

1. What is the significance of the title of this particular chapter of this Susan Sontag book?

2. Are people with children more or less likely to own a camera, according to Sontag's own findings?

3. Why is it unusual to include writing about Walt Whitman in a book about photography?

4. On what other artistic areas does photography impose standards according to Sontag in this chapter?

5. What did Edward Steichen photograph in order to show that objects aren't always as simple as they appear?

6. What was the goal of the Farm Service Administration photographic project in 1935 as described in this chapter?

7. How did Whitman want to see society as a whole, according to Sontag's writings in this chapter?

8. How does photography encourage voyeurism in those who look at photographs?

9. What was Whitman's cultural and social influence, coined Whitmanesque, according to the text?

10. Why did photography come to be seen as a type of copulation with the material world?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Whitman strove to see what was similar in all beings as opposed to what was unique about people, it seems.

Part 1: Do you think people are unique or are we all the same? Why or why not?

Part 2: How does the perception of the world change when you realize all people are the same?

Part 3: Why do you think it's important to see similarities among people? Or isn't it?

Essay Topic 2

Photographs can be made to speak with the help of captions beside them, but are these captions always necessary?

Part 1: Why do you think it's necessary to include captions with photographs?

Part 2: How do you think the photograph is changed by the introduction of captions?

Part 3: Do you think captions are necessary to include with pictures? Why or why not?

Essay Topic 3

Photographs can capture beauty in all things, even things which are not supposed to be conventionally beautiful.

Part 1: How do you define the idea of beauty? Why?

Part 2: Why do you think it's important for some to capture images of beauty?

Part 3: How do beautiful images affect those who look at them? Why?

(see the answer keys)

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