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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. In what year was photography invented, according to Sontag's research as outlined in this book?
(a) 1839.
(b) 1818.
(c) 1812.
(d) 1828.

2. Like modern art, according to Sontag, photography lowers ___________ in those who view it.
(a) Trust.
(b) Understanding.
(c) Inhibitions.
(d) Sensitivities.

3. What movement is capricious and inadvertent, according to Sontag?
(a) Nihilist.
(b) Impressionist.
(c) Realist.
(d) Surrealist.

4. Photographs now impose standards of art, culture, and ________ in the world, according to this chapter.
(a) Identity.
(b) Innovation.
(c) Patriotism.
(d) Honor.

5. As the text says, "Hobbesian man roams the streets, quite visible, with ____________ in his hair."
(a) Blood.
(b) Lace.
(c) A ribbon.
(d) Glitter.

6. The FSA project took pictures of __________ groups living in rural areas and experiencing rural problems.
(a) High income.
(b) Freak.
(c) Feral.
(d) Low income.

7. What might separate the whole of humanity, according to Whitman in this chapter of this book?
(a) Photography.
(b) Beauty.
(c) Criticisms.
(d) Superficial distinctions.

8. What did the acronym FSA stand for in relation to the most ambitious collection photographic project?
(a) Farm Service Association.
(b) Farm Security Administration.
(c) Farm Service Administration.
(d) Farm Settler Administration.

9. Photographs appropriate place and identity by the act of _________ reproduction, according to Sontag.
(a) Sharp.
(b) Proper.
(c) Mimetic.
(d) Truthful.

10. To Whitman, the ___________ was important and it was critical to accept this truth.
(a) Darkness.
(b) Trivial.
(c) Forest.
(d) Beauty.

11. Surrealism, like photography, seeks to look at ___________ objects, according to those who deem them so.
(a) Dramatic.
(b) Useful.
(c) Important.
(d) Dark.

12. Whose technique is considered to be impeccable, according to this chapter of the book?
(a) Steichen.
(b) Arbus.
(c) Whitman.
(d) Stieglitz.

13. Whitman wanted people to begin to look at the essential ____________ of a person in order to define a person or object.
(a) Limitations.
(b) Value.
(c) Flaws.
(d) Beauty.

14. The prisoners in the cave see only shadows, and thus believe those shadows are the totality of ____________.
(a) Their families.
(b) Their days.
(c) Their food.
(d) Reality.

15. What is NOT one of the ways that surrealism is described by Sontag in this particular chapter?
(a) Joyful.
(b) Irrational.
(c) Dated.
(d) Anecdotal.

Short Answer Questions

1. Photographs do not create ___________ but they reinforce existing morality, according to Sontag.

2. _____________ often use cameras and practice photography as a method of certifying their travel experience.

3. Some photographers are ___________, seeking to document and visually examine the world.

4. In his photographs, Steichen gave ___________ material importance according to Sontag.

5. Arbus admitted to the fact that her own work violated her own ______________ because of its content.

(see the answer keys)

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