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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Whitman sought in his work to find _____________ between the differences which exist.
(a) Truth.
(b) Community.
(c) Understanding.
(d) Identity.

2. Photography, like other surrealist arts, is itself ___________ and yet it is transitory, according to Sontag.
(a) Confusing.
(b) Stationary.
(c) Death.
(d) Frozen in time.

3. Photographs do not create ___________ but they reinforce existing morality, according to Sontag.
(a) Morals.
(b) Laws.
(c) Rules.
(d) Ideas.

4. Whitman wanted others to realize that the _____________ was a part of the universal.
(a) Word.
(b) Color.
(c) Individual.
(d) Image.

5. Sontag defines photography as an aid to ______________ in the opening chapter.
(a) Criminal activity.
(b) The underworld.
(c) Children.
(d) Masturbation.

6. Photography yields to viewers _____________ to look and to act as a sort of voyeur without repercussion.
(a) A need.
(b) A desire.
(c) A push.
(d) Permission.

7. Alfred Stieglitz produced photographs which supported Whitman's ideas, termed euphoric _____________.
(a) Realism.
(b) Picarism.
(c) Humanism.
(d) Truthism.

8. Surrealism seeks to document and to reconnoiter ___________, much in the same way that photography does.
(a) Books.
(b) Animals.
(c) Class.
(d) Society.

9. In large measure, photography has replaced experiential interaction with __________, according to the book.
(a) The ether.
(b) True desire.
(c) The world.
(d) God.

10. Photography has become a bit of a surrealist art, not a/an __________ art, but close to it, according to Sontag.
(a) True.
(b) Real.
(c) Possible.
(d) Official.

11. A photograph can only convey ____________of something, but gives no real information about the subject.
(a) A sense.
(b) A shape.
(c) A word.
(d) A picture.

12. What might separate the whole of humanity, according to Whitman in this chapter of this book?
(a) Criticisms.
(b) Beauty.
(c) Superficial distinctions.
(d) Photography.

13. Eventually, according to this chapter, _______________ will be photographed.
(a) Everything.
(b) Nothing.
(c) The world's darkness.
(d) All humans.

14. Photography is a ___________ experience because cameras are cheap, readily available, and easy to use.
(a) Democratizing.
(b) Rich.
(c) Powerful.
(d) Younger.

15. Photography allows all of the goals of surrealism to conflate into a _________ art, according to Sontag.
(a) Understanding.
(b) Fine.
(c) Mimetic.
(d) Universal.

Short Answer Questions

1. Some photographers are _________, seeking to clarify or to identify a world vision.

2. Photography also establishes what is allowable as an object of ____________, according to Sontag.

3. Photography seems to establish what is worth __________ and what should be in a photograph.

4. What kind of photographer is interested in the picturesque when he/she is taking photographs?

5. What kind of photographer is interested in the awakening consciousness?

(see the answer keys)

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