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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Marx argued in ________________________ that the more a worker produced, the less he could consume, and the more value a man creates, the less he has.
(a) The Manuscript of 1834.
(b) The Manuscript of 1844.
(c) The Manuscript of 1854.
(d) The Manuscript of 1864.

2. How did Spinoza think of God?
(a) As a leader of men.
(b) As the Almighty.
(c) As a myth.
(d) As a spiritual principle.

3. Rius argues that the various movements and revolutions that have happened since Marx's time point to what?
(a) No change in either capitalism or socialism.
(b) An increasingly shaky capitalism.
(c) An increasingly shaky socialism.
(d) An increasingly strong capitalism.

4. To what do Vico's stages correspond?
(a) The three stages of human life.
(b) The six stages of human life.
(c) The five stages of human life.
(d) The four stages of human life.

5. With this philosophy of seeing everything as mechanical, things are immutable or _____________________.
(a) Unchanging.
(b) Usually changing.
(c) Changing.
(d) Rarely changing.

Short Answer Questions

1. After the Greek epoch, the so-called Age of Faith occurred during what period?

2. Why would Hegel believe that a worker should not worry about the material?

3. What is Rius' simple definition of capitalism?

4. Many, such as Socrates, were ___________________ for their views.

5. What was the counter attack of science and reason against religious fanaticism and dogma?

Short Essay Questions

1. What is surplus value? How does this affect the worker?

2. What is the importance of competition? What example does Marx give to support this? How does this factor into capitalism?

3. What are the ideas of empiricism? Who supported these ideas?

4. What is meant by materialism becoming mechanistic?

5. Who are the two types of men philosophy sees? Describe these two types.

6. What are Kant's ideas?

7. What took place after the Greek epoch? Describe this period of time.

8. Who are three of Greece's most well-known and important philosophers? Give detailed information about the theories of one of these philosophers.

9. What are dialectics and the dialectical method?

10. Describe the French socialists. What did Marx think of these men?

(see the answer keys)

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