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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. How did philosophy start?
(a) As a criticism of supernatural or religious beliefs.
(b) Out of interest in making discoveries about our world.
(c) As a study of the birth of man.
(d) Out of fear of the unknown.

2. One Marxist theorist argued that by working for a capitalist and producing a commodity, the worker is increasing what?
(a) His own understanding of the business world.
(b) His own usefulness.
(c) His own alienation.
(d) His own education.

3. What does not offer proof for those things that it proposes?
(a) Pagans.
(b) Liberal.
(c) Dreamers.
(d) Idealism.

4. What seeks scientific proof for what it examines, including religion?
(a) Conservative.
(b) Realists.
(c) Materialism.
(d) Christians.

5. The law of supply and demand often determines what?
(a) The amount of supplies needed.
(b) The amount of work required.
(c) The number of laborers needed.
(d) The price of a product.

6. Aristotle argued that social conflict occurred because of what reason?
(a) Varying levels of intelligence.
(b) Economic and social inequality.
(c) Differing beliefs among people.
(d) Fate.

7. Why are workers exploited in a capitalist state?
(a) They are uneducated.
(b) They do not earn the full value of their labor.
(c) They are not intelligent.
(d) They are worthless.

8. Absolute liberty was reached through what, according to Hegel?
(a) The Technological Revolution and the French state.
(b) The Marxist Revolution and the German state.
(c) The French Revolution and the Prussian state.
(d) The Industrial Revolution and the Russian state.

9. To what are Marx's theories leading him?
(a) Less abstract economic problems in society.
(b) In a more radical direction.
(c) In a more conservative direction.
(d) More abstract economic problems in society.

10. What can make a difference in the workers' situation?
(a) Unions.
(b) Insurance.
(c) Better pay.
(d) Shorter work hours.

11. Marx is a materialist and his work attempts to bring more consistency to _______________.
(a) Realists.
(b) Christians.
(c) Materialism.
(d) Conservative.

12. In Europe, who was one individual who did advocate for rebellion against the church and its dictatorship?
(a) Machiavelli.
(b) Van Gogh.
(c) Newton.
(d) Da Vinci.

13. How did this group of people at this point in human history begin the creation of social classes?
(a) The smarter of the people began leading and instructing the others.
(b) These "special" people gradually became the ruling or upper class.
(c) They organized themselves according to interests and family groups.
(d) Those who had made discoveries were put in charge of the other people.

14. What is Vico's first stage?
(a) Feudalism.
(b) Barbarism.
(c) Hunter gatherer.
(d) Farmer.

15. Increasing the efficiency of the work and the worker's productive output does what?
(a) Puts money in the hands of both the capitalist and the worker.
(b) Puts money in the hands of the workers.
(c) Causes more stress on the worker.
(d) Puts money in the capitalist's wallet and not the hands of the worker.

Short Answer Questions

1. A group of the intellectuals thought the means of production needed to be destroyed and that individuals should do what?

2. The capitalist buys what, along with the supplies, to make his product?

3. What is the only solution to Engels and Marx for fixing humanity's problems?

4. What assumes the existence of the divine?

5. The dialectical method views everything as ____________________.

(see the answer keys)

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