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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Standing uses the expression 'Young Explorer'; what does he state is unique about the young explorer?
(a) He is never idle.
(b) He rarely challenges himself.
(c) He asks many questions.
(d) He loses interest easily.

2. According to Montessori, in a class of normalized children, what takes the place of competition?
(a) Unfriendliness.
(b) Lack of expectations.
(c) Apathy.
(d) Mutual aid.

3. After finding it too difficult to continue her work in Italy, where did Montessori go to continue her work?
(a) Spain.
(b) America.
(c) China.
(d) England.

4. According to Montessori, what occurs in terms of deviations, when an adult tries to help a child who does not need assistance?
(a) Failure to create.
(b) Freedom.
(c) Invasion.
(d) Inhibition.

5. In "Work, Sensorial, Normalcy," what does Standing mean by sensorial world?
(a) Complusion.
(b) An attachement to reality.
(c) Required training.
(d) Conditioned learning.

6. According to Montessori, what is the child developing during the first epoch of his life?
(a) Individuality.
(b) Mental strength.
(c) Physical strength.
(d) Spirit.

7. What does Standing suggests that this book could be used as, despite its label as a biography?
(a) A door stop.
(b) An elementary school book.
(c) A University textbook.
(d) A Noble Prize winner.

8. Standing states that there was not a female precedent for the work Montessori was doing, what does the author mean by "female precedent"?
(a) No female had do it before.
(b) No females could be paid for this work.
(c) No females were interested in what she was doing.
(d) No females were allowed to do what Maria was doing.

9. When comparing normalized children to those in a traditional classroom, how are these children often described?
(a) As superior.
(b) As normal.
(c) As good children.
(d) As abnormal.

10. What type of work does the Montessori school promote?
(a) Child-Adult paired work.
(b) Independent work.
(c) Group work.
(d) Student-student paired work.

11. In addition to the qualities unique in children, what else does the Montessori method focus on?
(a) Relationships with parents.
(b) Ability to read.
(c) Changes as children age.
(d) Competition among children.

12. According to Standing, why is joy a surprise to some in terms of this emotion being tied to learning and the Montessori classroom?
(a) It occurs in traditional classrooms as well.
(b) Joy is not linked to achievement.
(c) All children feel joy.
(d) It is a healthy condition.

13. Why are children initially unaware of cause and effect?
(a) They are not smart enough to understand it yet.
(b) They think they are invincible.
(c) They have no previous experience.
(d) Cause and effect only matter for older children.

14. In "The Explorer" chapter, what term is used to discuss the change we all face throughout life?
(a) Life change.
(b) Growth.
(c) Development.
(d) Metamorphosis.

15. What was Montessori fortunate to have had?
(a) Rich parents.
(b) Educational opportunities.
(c) A job as a teacher.
(d) A lot of friends.

Short Answer Questions

1. As discussed in "Introductory Materials, Preparations & Discovery" based on Montessori's discovery, what was she initially able to do?

2. What were the rooms called where the children had adult guidance and time for freedom?

3. As Montessori's popularity grew, what did she realize about the reach of her teaching methods?

4. According to Montessori, what is a sensitive period?

5. According to Montessori, why it is important to have different educational principles for different stages of development?

(see the answer keys)

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