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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. These can help young boys develop a positive sense of self.

2. What is amoral?

3. What does Garbarino call the new social math?

4. Children are fundamentally ________________.

5. The term used in the book for the negative elements of the social environment that contaminate children is ___________________.

Short Essay Questions

1. Explain why military veterans are not violent, considering they have both depersonalized the enemy and have been desensitized.

2. What does Garbarino point out in his ten facts of violent life in terms of the temperament of violent youth?

3. Explain trauma, and why and how the learning of human fragility can be traumatic.

4. What is emotional intelligence, and why do violent boys have lowered emotional intellect?

5. What is the debate on the role of government and public institutions in child development?

6. What forces are at work when identifying preventative measures and acting on them, in terms of violent youth?

7. What is the zone of proximal development?

8. What are depersonalization and desensitization, and how do they encourage violence?

9. What is a moral circle, and how does this affect violent teens?

10. How do positive connections and relationships help vulnerable youths to avoid violence?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Compare and contrast the "boot camp" method of juvenile administration with the Monastery method Garbarino supports. Be sure to discuss what is included in each, underlying principles, and basic concepts, as well as explaining why Garbarino favors the monastery method, and why he believes it is so beneficial for violent youths.

Essay Topic 2

List and discuss the four factors that can help keep a young person from becoming despondent, or as Garbarino puts it, "keep a soul from dying". Be sure to discuss not only the four factors, but how those factors help to keep the "inner light" of young people alive, despite any negative circumstances they may be in.

Essay Topic 3

In addition to the psychological anchors mentioned in the book, there are also social anchors that are vital to keeping youth away from violence. Choose three of the following, and discuss them, making sure to discuss not only how they help keep kids from violence, but how they compliment psychological anchors.

1. Stability

2. Affirmation

3. Security

4. Time

5. Economic Equality

6. Institutions That Foster Human Rights

(see the answer keys)

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