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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. Why is the morality of violent boys often primitive?

2. What does Garbarino claim that boys, because of masculine socialization, feel an intense pressure to be?

3. Trauma occurs when overwhelming ideas combine with ____________________.

4. Boot camps are places that use ____________________.

5. How many teens in 1992 believed you could trust others?

Short Essay Questions

1. What is the zone of proximal development?

2. Explain social toxicity, and be sure to include what it is, what it consists of, and why it is important to Garbarino.

3. What is emotional intelligence, and why do violent boys have lowered emotional intellect?

4. Explain Kohlberg's system of moral intellect.

5. According to Garbarino, what does the masculine socialization in America mean to boys, and what is the effect?

6. Why is the measure of wealth to a child difficult?

7. What is terminal thinking, and why is it a problem for violent teens?

8. What is social support, as a foundation for resilience, and what are the two dimensions of social support?

9. Explain Garbarino's point about moral and legal legitimacy for non-violent adults, or how we define immoral killing.

10. Explain why some boys seek out a negative universe.

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

In the book, Garbarino argues that in order for his political agenda to succeed, public institutions must be used, and that the Declaration of Independence defines the position of the government within the role of child development. Why does he believe this document is key to defining the contract between government and society? What does he say about equal rights, human rights, and public happiness? What does he say the document says about why the government exists? How has history altered this initial contract to make it fit for all people? Do you agree with Garbarino about the relationship between government and society? Why or why not?

Essay Topic 2

Throughout the book, there is detailed information about the risk factors that contribute to a higher rate of violence among young men. Discuss these risk factors in detail. Be sure to include how a history of criminal violence, abuse, gang relations, and drugs contribute to violent behavior. Also be sure to include how weapon use and access, prior arrests, neurological problems, and difficulties in school contribute to the other risk factors.

Essay Topic 3

Garbarino discusses the concept of trauma in the book. Explain what trauma is, and why people who experience trauma deal with it in different ways. Be sure to include the two types of trauma in your answer, and why one of these types has such a lasting and detrimental effect. Include the concept of meaningfulness, as well as ideas of terminal thinking.

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