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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. Maltreated boys are likely to be ______________________.

2. What did the two boys in Gloverville have in their car that they drove around for several days?

3. The human impulse to focus on the legacy we leave behind for future generations is called __________________.

4. What do children use to measure the danger around them?

5. What are violent children learning about adults in their lives at early ages?

Short Essay Questions

1. What are the four breakdowns of childhood protection that Garbarino discusses in the book?

2. What is the zone of proximal development?

3. Explain trauma, and why and how the learning of human fragility can be traumatic.

4. What is a moral circle, and how does this affect violent teens?

5. What is the debate on the role of government and public institutions in child development?

6. Explain Kohlberg's system of moral intellect.

7. Explain why military veterans are not violent, considering they have both depersonalized the enemy and have been desensitized.

8. What is emotional intelligence, and why do violent boys have lowered emotional intellect?

9. What is terminal thinking, and why is it a problem for violent teens?

10. What is social support, as a foundation for resilience, and what are the two dimensions of social support?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

The seventh line of defense against youth violence mentioned in the book is that of character education. What is character education? What do current character education programs focus on? What is needed for character education to work? How does it help to detoxify the social environment? Do you think character education is a realistic goal? Why or why not? What obstacles do you see for these programs? Have any shown to be successful? Where?

Essay Topic 2

Garbarino notes in the book that the effects of an abusive father or an absent father, as well as having an abusive or absent mother, plays a huge role in young men becoming more violent. Discuss the ramifications of having no father, or no mother, or abusive parents, on growing up. Be sure to incorporate information about rejection, abandonment, broken attachment, abuse, and shame in your answer.

Essay Topic 3

In addition to the psychological anchors mentioned in the book, there are also social anchors that are vital to keeping youth away from violence. Choose three of the following, and discuss them, making sure to discuss not only how they help keep kids from violence, but how they compliment psychological anchors.

1. Stability

2. Affirmation

3. Security

4. Time

5. Economic Equality

6. Institutions That Foster Human Rights

(see the answer keys)

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