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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. What is the name of the game children in 'war zone' neighborhoods play with blocks?

2. What is common among emotionally retarded boys?

3. Why do 'war zone' areas have higher rates of youth violence?

4. What surprised Garbarino about his experiences with the prosecuting attorney?

5. How many high school boys carry a potentially lethal weapon?

Short Essay Questions

1. Explain what the Chicago Tribune did in 1993 - 1994, and what Garbarino's son's reaction was to his father's concerns.

2. Explain the experience of depression, as felt by boys and men, and why it contributes to youth violence.

3. Explain the accumulation approach to risk factors for youth violence, and how it helps lend hope for helping these young men.

4. Explain 'Conduct Disorder', and why it is a useful, but dangerous, label.

5. What does Garbarino say about society's desire to punish violent youth?

6. Describe the concept of the tipping point.

7. Explain the three effects of living without a father on youth development.

8. Explain the term 'toxic shame', and what it means to Garbarino.

9. Explain why suicides should be included in rates of youth violence.

10. In addition to negative social maps, what are two other links between abuse and child develop issues?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

There are six characteristics and conditions that are relevant to saving young men from violence, according to Garbarino. Choose three of these, and discuss them in depth, including how they help anchor a child, and how they can help avoid violent behavior.

1. Stable positive emotional relationships.

2. An ability to cope with stress

3. Intelligence

4. Authentic Self Esteem

5. Positive Social Support Outside the Family

6. Androgyny

Essay Topic 2

Morality is a large topic in the novel, both in terms of how most of us see murder, and how those who commit violent crimes see murder. Choose one of the following topics, and discuss it in detail.

1. What is moral justification? Why do "normal" individuals sometimes morally justify homicide? What types of murder are included? Why is this different from the murders that violent youth commit?

2. What is a moral circle? How does the moral circle differ between most in society and the violent youth? How does the moral circle contribute to violent behaviors?

3. What is perceived injustice? How does perceived injustice affect the moral code of violent youth? Why does perceived injustice sometimes equate to shame and intolerable states of being?

Essay Topic 3

Garbarino lists a total of eight lines of defense communities, families, schools, and establishments can do to help prevent lethal youth violence. Choose three of the eight lines of defense listed in the book, and explain what they are, and how they can help prevent youth violence. Be sure to include examples, if needed.

(see the answer keys)

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