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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Garbarino believes adults should protect children from degrading, dehumanizing, and desensitizing imagery by _____________________.
(a) Minimizing their exposure to gangs.
(b) Minimizing their exposure to violent movies, games, and television.
(c) Minimizing their exposure to peers.
(d) Minimizing their exposure to books.

2. What key part of moral thinking are violent boys typically missing?
(a) Empathy.
(b) Compassion.
(c) Regret.
(d) Sympathy.

3. What does Garbarino claim that boys, because of masculine socialization, feel an intense pressure to be?
(a) Abusive and cruel.
(b) Tough and powerful.
(c) Kind and considerate.
(d) Tender and sweet.

4. The weakness of this trend may not always be apparent, but does little to help in crisis.
(a) Political activism.
(b) Psychology.
(c) Spirituality.
(d) Materialism.

5. The tendency for behavior to reflect that which is rewarded is called _________________.
(a) Regressive conformity.
(b) Progressive conformity.
(c) Regressive differences.
(d) Progressive differences.

Short Answer Questions

1. The human impulse to focus on the legacy we leave behind for future generations is called __________________.

2. What is the term for the identifying line of those we feel morally obligated to?

3. Garbarino claims some boys seek out images of evil and become addicted to them as a way of responding to what?

4. Finding a way to make something positive out of life is _____________________.

5. The 'abuse excuse' defense is believed to occur when boys make up incidents of abuse, in order to __________________________.

Short Essay Questions

1. What are the four breakdowns of childhood protection that Garbarino discusses in the book?

2. What are the five anchoring effects spirituality has on children?

3. What is the debate on the role of government and public institutions in child development?

4. Explain Kohlberg's system of moral intellect.

5. How do positive connections and relationships help vulnerable youths to avoid violence?

6. What are home visiting programs, and why do they work?

7. What is emotional intelligence, and why do violent boys have lowered emotional intellect?

8. Explain trauma, and why and how the learning of human fragility can be traumatic.

9. Explain why some boys seek out a negative universe.

10. What is the most effective violence prevention and reduction program?

(see the answer keys)

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