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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What does Garbarino call the spiritual being within a child?
(a) The sacred self.
(b) The holy self.
(c) The divine self.
(d) The religious self.

2. Why do 'war zone' areas have higher rates of youth violence?
(a) The people have broken families.
(b) The people are impoverished.
(c) The people are uneducated.
(d) The people have higher buildups of risk factors.

3. In what year did four shootings occur in areas that were not typically hubs of youth violence?
(a) 1987.
(b) 1922.
(c) 1968.
(d) 1998.

4. The term for the moment when a small change in the presence of a germ produces a big change in the rate of infection is _______________________.
(a) The dire point.
(b) The natural point.
(c) The tipping point.
(d) The ending point.

5. What has increased along with youth violence in the United States?
(a) The prevalence of risk factors associated with youth violence.
(b) Adult violence.
(c) Median incomes.
(d) Racism.

Short Answer Questions

1. What are some traits that put a child at risk for becoming aggressive?

2. What can help a child who is abused overcome his/her tainted view of the world?

3. Why does Garbarino refer to these violent offenders as 'lost boys'?

4. What did the Chicago Tribune publish in 1993?

5. How did an end to segregation allow for the growth of youth violence?

Short Essay Questions

1. What are the three options in terms of the development of aggressive and violent boys?

2. Explain the four factors that help keep a young soul from dying?

3. What does Garbarino say about society's desire to punish violent youth?

4. What are the temperamental traits that put a child at risk for trouble and aggression, and what does research on responsive mothers show in light of these traits?

5. What does the social biological perspective say about why children face different opportunities and risks for development?

6. Describe the concept of the tipping point.

7. Explain the effect of the historical and cultural patterns of the South on the 'war zones' of larger urban cities.

8. Explain why Garbarino calls these violent youth 'lost boys'.

9. Explain why some abused children avoid these negative social maps?

10. Explain why Garbarino argues that medical technology is partially to blame for unreliable statistics on homicide rates.

(see the answer keys)

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