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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. For ________________, there are no known communications between Rome and Britain, much less Rome and Ireland.
(a) 1000 years.
(b) 150 years.
(c) 200 years.
(d) 50 years.

2. What was Patricius' faith before his kidnapping?
(a) Atheist.
(b) Catholic.
(c) Jewish.
(d) Roman deities.

3. Who burns John Scotus Eriugena's book, De Divisione Naturae?
(a) Pope Honorius III.
(b) Pope Gregory I.
(c) King Charles the Bald.
(d) King Charlemagne.

4. Who is the copyist who created the Lindisfarne Gospels?
(a) Augustine.
(b) Aidan.
(c) Columcille.
(d) Eadfrith.

5. Who does the speaker in "Saint Patrick's Breastplate" praise God as?
(a) The All in All.
(b) The I Am.
(c) The Three in One.
(d) The Bright and Morning Star.

Short Answer Questions

1. Ireland is the only place that Christianity is introduced without:

2. What are the names of the Irish war goddesses?

3. What were Celtic corpses such as Tolland Man, Grauballe Man, Borremose Man, and Lindow Man examples of?

4. One thing that all heroes in ancient Irish literature have in common is that they fall prey to some "geis." What does the word "geis" mean in English?

5. What about Columcille's monastery would not have met with the Pope's approval?

Short Essay Questions

1. Why does Patrick believe that the Christian has nothing to fear from the world of magic?

2. Who do the archaeologists who found Lindow Man believe he was, and what do they believe was the reason for his sacrifice?

3. What happens when war goddesses Nemain and Badb appear in warriors' dreams to tell them what will happen in battle the following day?

4. What apocryphal legends about Patrick have arisen that are familiar to us?

5. Why was Patricius turned away when he arrived in Wexford and asked for passage to Britain?

6. As the White Martyrs establish monasteries across Europe, what situation do they repeatedly encounter and from where does the solution come?

7. Who was described as "the first man in three hundred years who was able to think?"

8. What does Patrick call King Coroticus's kidnapping of thousands of Irish converts?

9. What were the "White Martyrs?"

10. What monasteries did Columbanus found in Gaul?

(see the answer keys)

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