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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. How does Thucydides picture certain charismatic generals during the years of the Peloponnesian War?
(a) A lot of talk and no action
(b) Men who have great personalities but little war experience.
(c) Able single-handedly to turn the fortunes of the people they serve.
(d) Of little significance to the outcome of the war

2. Who is instrumental in getting Sparta to join Syracuse against Athens?
(a) Brasias
(b) Pericles
(c) Cleon
(d) Alcibiades

3. What is the net result of Gylippus' demand for more and better triremes?
(a) A disastrous defeat of the Athenian fleet
(b) More of the fighting takes place on the sea.
(c) It bankrupts the country.
(d) The ships do not perform as expected.

4. How did Thucydides see the period of 422 to 421 BC?
(a) A period of rearmament for both sides
(b) An era of more guerilla warfare
(c) A time when no military operations are launched.
(d) Part of a continuous military struggle with a lull included.

5. What s Sparta's excuse to resume major hostilities against Athens?
(a) Athens has allied with Argos against the Spartans.
(b) Athens refuses to receive Spartan envoys.
(c) Alcibiades informs Sparta that Athens is out of money.
(d) The continue raids in Lycos.

Short Answer Questions

1. What happens in Attica during the time of the battle at Amphipolis?

2. What is the resulting military action after the revolt of Chios?

3. What occurs between Athens and Sparta during the winter of 422 BC?

4. What happens to the Athenian attack on Amphipolis?

5. What desecration of religious idols is charged to Alcibiades?

Short Essay Questions

1. In 422 BC, what caused the popularity of the Athenian general, Cleon, to rise?

2. What shenanigan was attributed to Alcibiades prior to his setting sail for Sicily?

3. Who was the charismatic Athenian who promulgated an anti-Spartan alliance in the Peloponnesus? What weakness did he seem to have?

4. What commonly held belief did Thucydides reject but observed its impact on the war?

5. What was the mindset of Athens after the defeats at Syracuse?

6. What unusual twist of fortune occurred for Alcibiades in 411 BC?

7. Besides a war history, what value is placed on the History of the Peloponnesian War?

8. What historical turning point is inaugurated by Athens in 415 BC?

9. Aside from the disintegration of Athens and its allies, what was the political/military condition of the Grecian world in 412 BC?

10. During the so-called peace of Nicias, what marked the military conflict between Athens and Sparta?

(see the answer keys)

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