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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What s Sparta's excuse to resume major hostilities against Athens?
(a) Alcibiades informs Sparta that Athens is out of money.
(b) Athens refuses to receive Spartan envoys.
(c) Athens has allied with Argos against the Spartans.
(d) The continue raids in Lycos.

2. What are the feelings of many Athenians leading up to the problems in Sicily?
(a) Many Athenians feel that Sicily is a simple matter.
(b) Many feel that Cleon needs to be in Sicily.
(c) Many feel that Nicias iss unneseccarily inactive.
(d) Most feel that Athens has become invulnerable.

3. What serious setback happens to Athens in 413 BC?
(a) The Athenian fleet is decisively destroyed in Sicily during the winter of 413 BC.
(b) All of Athens' allies desert to Sparta.
(c) The plague returns, wiping out two thirds of the Athenian military.
(d) There is an earthquake that destroys the walls around Athens.

4. Why does the Athenian attack on Messana fail?
(a) The Spartans arrive before Athens.
(b) A betrayal by Alcibiades
(c) Bad weather sinks many Athenian ships.
(d) An earthquake stops the invasion.

5. What does Thucydides think of Athenian actions in Scione?
(a) To him, it is a necessary result of a difficult conflict.
(b) He makes no mention of the Athenian actions.
(c) To him. it is an example of the degenerative influence of warfare upon civilization.
(d) He approves of the severe measures taken by Athens.

6. Who incites the revolt of Chios?
(a) Tissaphernes
(b) Demosthenes
(c) Alcibiades
(d) Brasias

7. Who negotiates with both sides--Sparta and Athens--after the defeat at Syracuse?
(a) Sicily's ambassadors
(b) Alcibiades
(c) Demosthenes
(d) Tissaphernes, the Persian satrap

8. Where is Thucydides writing his History of the Peloponnesian War?
(a) Underground Athens
(b) In Sparta
(c) In exile
(d) In the Library of Alexandria

9. As Spartan power grows, what happens in the Delian League?
(a) Manpower becomes a serious problem when they cannot pay.
(b) Old alliances are hasitly renewed.
(c) Revolution begins to foment throughout the Athenian empire.
(d) There is a change in political power within Athens.

10. What marks the period of the peace of Nicias from 421 to 413 BC?
(a) Minor but constant friction between Athenian and Spartan interests
(b) Economic growth of both Athens and sparta
(c) Several major battles between Athens and Sparta
(d) Military buildups which precluded an skirmishes at all

11. What area remains as the seat of power after the defeat at Syracuse?
(a) The Attica-Euboea-Boeotia-Peloponnesus Theater
(b) Athens and the Delian League.
(c) Persia and Corinth.
(d) Samos, Chios, and Sardis.

12. What charismatic individual rises to prominence in 420 BC?
(a) Alcibiades
(b) Pericles
(c) Socrates
(d) Nicias

13. What is the final year in Thucydides' history?
(a) 399 BC
(b) 412 BC
(c) 404 BC
(d) 411 BC

14. What is the response to Nicias' communique during the winter of 414 BC?
(a) Nicias' correspondence is intercepted by Sparta.
(b) After debate, the city decides to send more reinforcements and new leadership.
(c) There is cold silence after Nicias' request arrives in Athens.
(d) Athens answers that there are no more reinforcements available.

15. In 422 BC, what is the financial condition of Athens?
(a) Athens is bankrupt and has to forego paying its soldiers.
(b) The Athenian treasury is being supplied only from conquered territories.
(c) The treasury has been largely expended and private subscriptions and extra taxes have been utilized for military expansion.
(d) Athenian wealth has grown far beyond what the Spartans had.

Short Answer Questions

1. What military plan is put into effect in response to Nicias' request?

2. How many battles are fought between Athens and Syracuse?

3. What is the relationship of Melos to Athens during the period of the peace of Nicias?

4. Why is Book 5 of the History of the Peloponnesian War such a short book?

5. What indicates Athens' former military superiority as late as 412 BC?

(see the answer keys)

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