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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What happens to the Athenian attack on Amphipolis?
(a) The Athenians easily win.
(b) Sparta is there waiting for the Athenians.
(c) It fails.
(d) The Athenians are surprised by ambush.

2. What happens in Attica during the time of the battle at Amphipolis?
(a) The Crocyrans launch a successful attack.
(b) The Boeotians enjoy military success in Attica.
(c) All of Attica is annexed by Sparta.
(d) The farmers are allowed to return to their fields.

3. As Spartan power grows, what happens in the Delian League?
(a) Revolution begins to foment throughout the Athenian empire.
(b) Old alliances are hasitly renewed.
(c) There is a change in political power within Athens.
(d) Manpower becomes a serious problem when they cannot pay.

4. What is the historic view of the years from 421 to 413 BC?
(a) The years through 413 BC are marked by a generally less intense conflict where Athens and Sparta fight against each other in distant theaters
(b) Most of the attacks against either side are done by allies of the two armies.
(c) The bloodiest era of the Peloponnesian War occurs during this time.
(d) It is regarded as the real end of the Peloponnesian War.

5. What happens among pro-Athens allies at that time?
(a) They form a new league excluding Athens.
(b) The abandon Athens and seek alliance with Persia.
(c) Various pro-Athenian cities consider abandoning democracy for oligarchy.
(d) They fight to reinforce their own democracies.

6. What unexplainable surprising event takes place with the patriotic Athenian army?
(a) The patriotic Athenian army makes a pact with Sparta.
(b) Civil war breaks out within the city of Athens led by Nicias.
(c) The army disbands leaving Athens open to attack.
(d) The patriotic Athenian army faction on Samos recalls Alcibiades and elects him general.

7. What are the Athenians doing in Italy at about the same time?
(a) Regrouping to attack Peloponnesus
(b) Taking a break from the war
(c) Calling an international conference
(d) Preparing to invade Syracuse

8. What charismatic individual rises to prominence in 420 BC?
(a) Nicias
(b) Socrates
(c) Pericles
(d) Alcibiades

9. What is the first step in the unraveling of the Athenian force?
(a) There starts to be a lot of defections.
(b) The raids on Peloponnesus become ineffective.
(c) The Spartan presence in fortified Decelea causes difficulty in Athens, and Sparta sends reinforcements to Syracuse.
(d) Money is playing out in Athens.

10. How does a lunar eclipse enter into the Athenian plans to withdraw?
(a) It terrifies the Syracusans and causes them to withdraw.
(b) It gives the Athenians a chance to withdraw in darkness.
(c) It iss viewed as an omen and the Athenians wait too long to depart.
(d) It gives the Syracusans a chance to attack in darkness.

11. What happens in 411 BC to the Athenian democracy after the defeat at Syracuse?
(a) The democracy splits into three separate factions.
(b) Martial law is declared to restore order and democracy.
(c) Athenian democracy collapses under the pressure of assassinations and military defeat.
(d) All the leaders resign in helplessness.

12. How was Thucydides like news reporters today?
(a) He was reticent about revealing his sources.
(b) He went to battle sites as a war correspondent.
(c) He had a column in the Athenian newspaper.
(d) He studied journalism at the university.

13. How does the text of Thucydides' history end?
(a) In mid-sentence, seven years prior to the conclusion of the war
(b) With Thucydides returning from exile back to Athens
(c) With predictions about future wars
(d) With a summary of the entire war

14. What is commonly called the peace of Nicias by modern scholars?
(a) A six-week halt to the hostilities
(b) The end of the Peloponnesian War
(c) A time under Nicias when Sparta is afraid to attack.
(d) The treaty of alliance between Sparta and Athens during the winter of 422 to 421 BC

15. What removes Syracuse, Sicily, and Italy from the text of Thucydides' history?
(a) The defeat and rout of the Athenians
(b) Sparta turing its attention on Thrace
(c) Athens' ultimate defeat of Syracuse
(d) The eruption of Mt. Aetna

Short Answer Questions

1. What does Thucydides think of Athenian actions in Scione?

2. How does Gylippus counteract the Athenian siege?

3. After military setbacks, what disagreement arses between Nicias and Demosthenes?

4. What major battle occurs in the winter of 415 BC?

5. What serious setback happens to Athens in 413 BC?

(see the answer keys)

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