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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What is the main result of the 428 BC attack on Attica?
(a) Large areas of crop land are destroyed.
(b) Athens' defenses are weakened considerably.
(c) Pericles finally agrees to fight the enemy.
(d) Athens is able to dirve them back this time.

2. What is Athens doing toward the end of the 526 BC campaign?
(a) Athens is adding to its already sizable fleet.
(b) Athens is reenforcing its position in Attica.
(c) Athens is sending out envoys to even more surrounding states.
(d) Much of the latter campaign season is consumed by Athenian attacks upon Aetolia.

3. According to Cleon, why does the attack at Sphacteria stall?
(a) The curse of the gods
(b) Too much rest time
(c) Poor field management
(d) Not enough troops

4. What does the Spartan declaration of war against the Helots allow?
(a) The confiscation of Helot children.
(b) The legal means to take away the Helots' weaponry.
(c) The killing of Helots by Spartan citizens without legal implication.
(d) It is only an exercise in legal maneurving.

5. What event in ca 479 BC gives rise to a period of prominence in Athens?
(a) Incorporation of the surrounding city-states
(b) Defeat of the invading Persian army
(c) The influence of Socratic philosophy
(d) Defeat of the Spartans

Short Answer Questions

1. What is the major blow to Athens from the Mytilene revolt?

2. What opinion does Thucydides seem to have about Pericles as a leader?

3. Why is the Theban attack able to precipitate the war?

4. What appears to be a mistake made by the Athenian forces under Pericles?

5. Where is is the Peloponnesus itself?

Short Essay Questions

1. What military innovation appeared in 424 BC?

2. What was unusual about Spartan use of new methods of war?

3. What was Thucydides' reaction to the aftermath of the Corcyran revolt?

4. What happened to Brasidas during the unsuccessful assault on Pylos?

5. From the point of view of allies, how was Athens positioned in the war?

6. What was Thucydides' attitude toward so-called supernatural occurrences?

7. How did Pylos actually become an Athenian stronghold in Sparta?

8. What event showed that the situation between Athens and Sparta was tenuous at best?

9. What notable action did the Athenian fleet take in 425 BC on its way to Sicily?

10. What indication by 428 BC suggested that military tactics were changing?

(see the answer keys)

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