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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. After the war begins, what diplomatic success does Athens have?
(a) Making a peace deal with Corinth.
(b) Gaining a neutrality pact from Persia.
(c) Athens successfully launches an anti-Spartan publicity attack.
(d) Athens concludes alliances with Odrysian, Thrace, and Macedonia .

2. Where is the initial confrontation between Sparta and the Athenians?
(a) The Athenians send an advance force into the Peloponnesian isthmus.
(b) Sparta utilizes Persian ships to attack from the Aegean Sea.
(c) Spartan commandos infiltrate Athenian camps.
(d) A huge Peloponnesian army is assembled at the isthmus leading to Attica which is then invaded

3. What appears to be a mistake made by the Athenian forces under Pericles?
(a) Athens attempts to fortify all of Attica.
(b) Athens attempts an embargo against Sparta.
(c) Athens occupies Aegina and ejects the citizens who are subsequently resettled by Sparta in Thyrea.
(d) Athens ignores the possible danger Corinth might become.

4. During the winter of 427 BC, what returns to Athens?
(a) The Athenian fleet
(b) The plague
(c) The Athenian soldiers from Corcyra
(d) The money owned to the Delian League

5. After Athens intervenes in Corcyra, what does Thucydides observe?
(a) There is nothing left of Corcyra.
(b) It is a time of peace in Corcyra.
(c) Corcyrans flee to the safety of Athens.
(d) Violence of all kinds sweeps through Corcyra and mass murder is enacted for political and personal reasons.

6. By the end of Book Two, how widespread is the war?
(a) Limited to the Peleponnesian isthmus
(b) It is confined to Attica
(c) From the Peloponnesian coast all the way up into Thrace
(d) Up to the borders of the Persian Empire

7. The war is between what two powers?
(a) The Corinthian Empire and the Macedonians.
(b) The Athenian empire and the Peloponnesian League, an alliance of city-states led by Sparta.
(c) Greece and Italy.
(d) The Persian Empire and Sparta.

8. After the Spartan forces give up the Attica offensive, what does Athens continue to do?
(a) Hit-and-run naval attacks on the Peloponesian isthmus
(b) Build higher walls around Athens
(c) Press for a military truce and peace treaty
(d) Stockpile commodities against future Spartan attacks

9. Who is the notable politician who is successful in diverting the attention of Sparta from the Athenians?
(a) Periclese
(b) Alexander
(c) Themistocles
(d) Phillip

10. Who are the Helots?
(a) Greeks from Helotia
(b) Athenian spies in Sparta
(c) A minor political party in Sparta
(d) Serfs who are little more than Spartan slaves

11. How might the Spartan envoy to the Athenians have changed history?
(a) If the Spartan envoy is not assassinated, the war would end.
(b) If Sparta offers to cede land, the war would end.
(c) If Sparta's offer for peace is accepted, the war would end.
(d) Is Sparta surrenders Brasias, the war would end.

12. What is Thucydides' conclusion about the ravages of the war?
(a) It is tempered on both sides by benevolence.
(b) It is dehumanizing.
(c) It is misrepresented on both sides.
(d) It is something to be glorified.

13. What political action does Sparta take in 432 BC?
(a) Sparta pulls out of the conflict between Corinth and Athens.
(b) Sparta decides to declare war against Athens.
(c) Sparta begins adding more allies to the Peloponnesian League.
(d) Sparta holds a referrendum to see what their citizens want to do.

14. Why is Athens in a superior position at the start of the war?
(a) Because her her allies are more numerous, richer, and better positioned to prosecute hostilities against the largely agrarian Spartans.
(b) Because Athens is built on an unassailable mountaintop.
(c) Because the Athenian army is better trained and more rugged.
(d) Because Athens has the largest army in the world at that time.

15. How do the Spartans react about their marooned troops?
(a) Spartans recall troops from Corcyra to march against Pylos.
(b) Spartans charge Pylos on the blind side.
(c) Spartans at home, eager to save their men, send peace envoys from Pylos to the Athenians.
(d) Spartans accept that their troops are lost.

Short Answer Questions

1. What natural phenomenon takes place in Italy in 426 BC?

2. From Thucydides' analysis, who of the Mytilene population actually wants to break away from the Delian League?

3. What did Sparta demand of her allies?

4. At the time Athens is gaining control in Lesbos, what is happening in Plataea?

5. After the prominent Spartan general, Pausanias, briefly becomes politically powerful, what causes his defeat?

(see the answer keys)

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