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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. What word is used to describe Galileo's trial?

2. What was the name of the high ranking member of the church that took "custody" of Galileo after the trial?

3. Which Pope approved of Galileo's conviction?

4. Aristotle believed that mathematicians focused on what type of questions?

5. At this time, Galileo's health was poor. It was recommended that while in Rome, Galileo should stay ___________.

Short Essay Questions

1. What was Maria Celeste's reaction to the interview at the Holy Office of the Inquisition?

2. After the trial, Galileo was released into the custody of a high ranking church official. Who was the official and where did Galileo go with that official?

3. While the Catholics had their opinions on why Galileo was tried, the anti-Catholics also had an opinion. What was the opinion of the anti-Catholics?

4. How long did Galileo have to stay in Rome before he was granted an audience at the Holy Office?

5. What was Galileo's hope regarding the outcome of the trial. Did Galileo's wish come true?

6. While Maria Celeste seemed to tell Galileo everything, she overlooked one important piece of news. What was the news?

7. What steps might have been taken by Pope Urban on behalf of Galileo? Why do you think Pope Urban chose not to take that step?

8. Once again the weather wreaked havoc on Galileo and Maria Celeste. Explain how each was affected by the autumn rains.

9. What was the plea sent from Niccolini to the Poe on behalf of Galileo?

10. What was one of the main concerns of Galileo and Maria Celeste while Galileo was in Rome?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

At a young age, Galileo showed amazing aptitude for math. What about math interested Galileo? What prompted Galileo to switch from math to astronomy? Was it a wise move? What were the opinions of those around Galileo regarding the change? What do you think might have happened if Galileo would have pursued a care in mathematics? How did the knowledge benefit Galileo in other ways?

Essay Topic 2

Explain the concept and creation of Galileo's "Treatise on the Tides." Why was the work so important? What was the collective opinion of Galileo's colleagues? How did Galileo feel about the finished product? What was the main theme of the book? Did Galileo introduce anything new to the scientific community?

Essay Topic 3

In 1600, Cardinal Bruno was burned at the stake. Why was the cardinal killed? What was the official crime? Write a 1000-word essay on the Cardinal Bruno. Who was he? Where did he fit into the story? Examine the Cardinal's work and conflict with the Church. Explain the irony and connection to Galileo.

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