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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. How many copies of the book were published once it was approved?

2. What was the name of the town where the convent was located?

3. In what month did the Pope take office?

4. What was the name of the place Maria Celeste worked at the convent?

5. Galileo was eventually named head mathematician and philosopher to which of the following people?

Short Essay Questions

1. Discuss the eruption of the Thirty Years War, how it affected Rome, and who was involved.

2. Urban was highly impressed with Galileo's work. Which new work struck the Pope as being brilliant? What did Galileo write in the dedication?

3. What was the name of the Pope elected in Part 2? When was the Pope elected? What was his former identity?

4. In addition to helping Galileo with the printing license, other benefits came from his relationship with Caterina. What were the benefits?

5. Despite scientific advancements many people were at a loss to explain the plague, how it spread, and how to cure it. Discuss some of the beliefs of the people.

6. Galileo suffered a tragedy shortly after the trip to Rome. What was the tragedy? What caused it?

7. Explain the first experience with a telescope. Also explain what it meant to the future study of the galaxy.

8. Name at least one of the major issues faced by Urban in his new position as Pope. How did Urban respond?

9. Explain the invention of the pendulum clock and how it came about. What happened to the invention?

10. What were the accolades and criticisms following Pope Urban's inauguration?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Explain the concept and creation of Galileo's "Treatise on the Tides." Why was the work so important? What was the collective opinion of Galileo's colleagues? How did Galileo feel about the finished product? What was the main theme of the book? Did Galileo introduce anything new to the scientific community?

Essay Topic 2

Galileo's Dialogues are often referred to as a journal of sorts. The dialogues contain some fiction along with science and an accounting of Galileo's activities. Write a synopsis of the Dialogues. Include references to famous people of the day.

Essay Topic 3

Galileo was charged with blasphemy and heresy. What is the definition of each? Do both apply to Galileo? Who decides if someone is guilty of either or both? What is the punishment? Is the punishment set forth by the government or Church? Give examples of how Galileo allegedly committed either or both of the crimes. List the specific reason cited in the trial, proof, and outcome.

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