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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. When Galileo finished with his work, he sent it to Maria Celeste who would painstakingly _______ it.

2. In 1630, approximately _____ Florentines died from disease?

3. Who assisted Galileo and Maria Celeste in one particular project?

4. Maria Celeste recalls being in the garden with her father learning about which of the following?

5. In what month did the Pope take office?

Short Essay Questions

1. How severe was the presence of the plague in Rome in the 1600s? When was the worst period in history for the plague? How does Sobel refer to the returning plague?

2. What was the name of the Pope elected in Part 2? When was the Pope elected? What was his former identity?

3. Why do you think Maria Celeste had such a special bond with her father, aside from her position in the family?

4. What was the purpose of Galileo's next trip to Rome? Who did he see?

5. In addition to helping Galileo with the printing license, other benefits came from his relationship with Caterina. What were the benefits?

6. Who were the other two Galilei children? What was their place in the family?

7. Explain the reaction of Maria Celeste upon learning the identity of the new Pope. What was Maris Celeste's recommendation to her father? Did Galileo take Maria Celeste's advice?

8. Which scientist most influenced the work of Galileo? What was Galileo's intention with his experiments?

9. Discuss Galileo's first trip to Rome to meet with Urban. Also discuss Galileo's friendship with Prince Cesi.

10. Why did Galileo have to go through regular channels if the Pope approved of the work? Who was responsible for issuing the printing licenses?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Examine the story behind the long awaited book by Galileo, "The Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems." What were the Two Chief World Systems? What inspired the work? When was it written? How long did it take Galileo to research, compile and arrange the information in the book? Was the book objective or subjective? How was the book received by the public?

Essay Topic 2

Describe in detail the life of the nuns at San Matteo. How does the convent compare with today's convents? Is the order still in existence? If so, where? What influence did Maria Celeste have on the convent? Compare and contrast the views and experiences of the sisters.

Essay Topic 3

Galileo was charged with blasphemy and heresy. What is the definition of each? Do both apply to Galileo? Who decides if someone is guilty of either or both? What is the punishment? Is the punishment set forth by the government or Church? Give examples of how Galileo allegedly committed either or both of the crimes. List the specific reason cited in the trial, proof, and outcome.

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