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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. For some unknown reason Galileo did not save all of Maria Celeste's letters during that year. How many letters did Galileo manage to save?
(a) 3.
(b) 2.
(c) 5.
(d) 1.

2. Galileo was determined to prove the theories of which famous scientist?
(a) Newton.
(b) Copernicus.
(c) Einstein.
(d) Sagan.

3. Shortly after, Vincenzo and Sestilia announced the birth of their second child, a boy named:
(a) Carlo.
(b) Galileo.
(c) Fernando.
(d) Michelangelo.

4. According to the law, it was likely that many people in Galileo's occupation would be considered to be which of the following?
(a) Traitors.
(b) Impudent.
(c) Ill-informed.
(d) Heretics.

5. What was the name of Galileo's second daughter to enter the convent?
(a) Livia.
(b) Maria.
(c) Constance.
(d) Virginia.

Short Answer Questions

1. In 1627, Italy was on the brink of which upcoming skirmish?

2. When Galileo finished with his work, he sent it to Maria Celeste who would painstakingly _______ it.

3. Which of the following was the main carrier of disease at this time?

4. To which royal figure was the work dedicated?

5. One of the things that got the pope in trouble was his view regarding:

Short Essay Questions

1. What was the name of the Pope elected in Part 2? When was the Pope elected? What was his former identity?

2. When the Galilei children were small, Galileo held two similar jobs in the math and science fields. What were the jobs and where were they? Why were the jobs unusual?

3. What did Galileo send to Urban as soon as it was proper to do so? What was Galileo's hope in regards to a new relationship with an old friend?

4. Who was announced as being the new Grand Duke of Tuscany? In what year was he installed as Grand Duke? To which famous family was the new Duke related?

5. How severe was the presence of the plague in Rome in the 1600s? When was the worst period in history for the plague? How does Sobel refer to the returning plague?

6. Which scientist most influenced the work of Galileo? What was Galileo's intention with his experiments?

7. Explain the invention of the pendulum clock and how it came about. What happened to the invention?

8. Describe Maria Celeste's birth and journey to the Convent at San Matteo.

9. What was the major difference in the opportunities given to Vincenzio as opposed to those given to Maria Celeste and Arcangela?

10. Despite scientific advancements many people were at a loss to explain the plague, how it spread, and how to cure it. Discuss some of the beliefs of the people.

(see the answer keys)

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