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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. Frederick ____ the Wise was the elector of Saxony.

2. What conflict had recently been settled?

3. Which pope was relatively uninformed about the Reformation?

4. Who referred to Luther's speech as the greatest moment in the history of man?

5. What changed this way of thinking?

Short Essay Questions

1. Examine the basic history of Magellan.

2. What was the papal response to Luther's declarations? Who was involved?

3. What mistake was made regarding Luther's beliefs?

4. How did Magellan manage to raise enough funds for the expedition? Who supported Magellan?

5. How did the Catholic Church raise money shortly before the start of the Reformation?

6. What issues faced explorers at this time?

7. How did the new geography affect the Church? How was Magellan related to this issue?

8. What are some of the regions that were discovered around this time?

9. Luther was not arrested during his appeal. What court proceeding soon followed?

10. How did the Catholics respond to Protestants and other heretics? Catholics urged reforms to stop people leaving the church for Protestantism. They fought against the Protestants, referring to them as heretics. The Church would use military and political action as its primary means. Every aspect of Protestantism would be condemned in bulls, but the rebel faiths did well. Heresy would not be tolerated on pain of death.

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Martin Luther was an unusual man. His history shows his devotion to the reformation of the church, but there is a great deal about Luther that is not common knowledge, including his beliefs in pagan superstitions. Write an essay about the unusual aspects of Luther's life.

Essay Topic 2

Discuss at length Magellan's conversion of the Filipino natives. Why was Magellan so set on converting and baptizing the people? Did the people convert willingly? What might have prompted them to do so? What kinds of ceremonies were held on the islands? Who performed the ceremonies? How did the natives respond to Magellan's teachings? Why was it necessary, in Magellan's mind, to stay and ensure that the natives would not revert? Did any natives convert to their old ways? Explain.

Essay Topic 3

Write a biography of Ferdinand Magellan. Be sure to include his past, history and experience as a soldier and seaman, actions taken to arrange and fund the voyage. Also include his aspirations. Cite sources where necessary.

(see the answer keys)

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