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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. Luther was thought to use the language of a ____.

2. To whom was Henry married at this time?

3. It was said that Luther made ____ major blunders.

4. The Germans had been martyred for ________.

5. Which city was at the center of the rectangle?

Short Essay Questions

1. What events occurred due to Pope Clement's lack of ability as a politician?

2. How did the Catholics respond to Protestants and other heretics? Catholics urged reforms to stop people leaving the church for Protestantism. They fought against the Protestants, referring to them as heretics. The Church would use military and political action as its primary means. Every aspect of Protestantism would be condemned in bulls, but the rebel faiths did well. Heresy would not be tolerated on pain of death.

3. What are some of the regions that were discovered around this time?

4. How did Magellan manage to raise enough funds for the expedition? Who supported Magellan?

5. Luther was not arrested during his appeal. What court proceeding soon followed?

6. What issues faced explorers at this time?

7. How did the new geography affect the Church? How was Magellan related to this issue?

8. Discuss Luther's two main works at this time.

9. How did the Vatican respond to the selling of indulgences?

10. What mistake was made regarding Luther's beliefs?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

English King Henry VIII is known for his separation from the Church after being excommunicated by the pope. Discuss the rise and fall of Henry VIII, his relationship with Rome and the pope, and his downfall. Examine how Henry handled these issues and the laws that were put into place during the Reformation. Examine Henry's inspiration and the outcome of the separation.

Essay Topic 2

Write a short memoir that might have been written by Magellan. What types of things would Magellan be most proud of in his career and personal lives? What other types of professional work might Magellan have done? Would the memoir include details of his relationships with the natives? How might Magellan describe how he felt before, during and his journey?

Essay Topic 3

Discuss Manchester's view of the Renaissance and Reformation. Do you feel that Manchester presented a complete picture? Do you feel that the information was objective? Explain. What areas of the history of the Renaissance and Reformation are most interesting to you? How do you think your life has been affected by these events? Explain.

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