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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. Ms. Borgia was fluent in all of the following languages except for:

2. Which group introduced the process?

3. Who stated that he was "above grammar?"

4. Which religious figure was credited for the explorer's achievements?

5. Language that was more prevalent amongst the population was known as ______ vernacular.

Short Essay Questions

1. What types of events took place during the Dark Ages? What was the standard of living?

2. What does Manchester say about the term "Dark Ages?"

3. How did the lack of morality affect the institution of marriage?

4. Who was Erasmus?

5. Discuss the average person's life.

6. Examine how the church conflicted with the monarchy.

7. Give an example of some of the disagreements of the Christians and alternate religions.

8. Examine travel during the Renaissance period.

9. Examine a medieval person's sense of self.

10. Examine how some of the popes used their office as a front for less than ethical actions.

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Write a short memoir that might have been written by Magellan. What types of things would Magellan be most proud of in his career and personal lives? What other types of professional work might Magellan have done? Would the memoir include details of his relationships with the natives? How might Magellan describe how he felt before, during and his journey?

Essay Topic 2

Discuss at length Magellan's conversion of the Filipino natives. Why was Magellan so set on converting and baptizing the people? Did the people convert willingly? What might have prompted them to do so? What kinds of ceremonies were held on the islands? Who performed the ceremonies? How did the natives respond to Magellan's teachings? Why was it necessary, in Magellan's mind, to stay and ensure that the natives would not revert? Did any natives convert to their old ways? Explain.

Essay Topic 3

Examine Manchester's explanation of medieval times. What were the major events of the period? Why is there so little history about the time outside issues involving the church? List at least ten things that are representative of medieval times. Cite sources.

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