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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. Federal measures which voided the black ___________ and disbanded provisional militias drove the use of organized force underground.

2. When a black man vied for office, it required the mobilization of entire ________________.

3. The ________ attacked and murdered local leaders and organizers, intimidated party supporters, and tried to force out objectionable office holders.

4. The __________had variations in leadership, rituals, goals, and activities that make it impossible to define a typical experience.

5. The Reconstruction Klan seems to many African Americans to be a new form of the old ____________.

Short Essay Questions

1. How did the Readjusters attempt to organize their party in 1879 in Virginia?

2. What happened to those who supported or to those who had sympathy for the Union League and its goals?

3. What were some of the tactics used by members of the opposition to the black vote to keep blacks away from voting?

4. What happened with the blacks within the Republican Party regarding the white response to these new members?

5. What did African Americans understand clearly about the democracy of the United States?

6. What were some of the rumors spreading about the black farm workers in some areas?

7. What are some of the positions which black men occupied during the time of more black influence?

8. Where did black officeholders seem to be present the most often?

9. What did some whites do in response to the threat of emigration of their black help?

10. What organization was said to be a necessary response to the formation of the Union League?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Over time, movements were beginning to sprout up that were led by both whites and blacks, not just African Americans.

Part 1: Why do you think whites began to get involved in African American rights movements?

Part 2: Do you think it was necessary for whites to become involved in African American movements?

Part 3: Do you think it was a good idea for whites to help out the blacks in their organizing efforts? Why or why not?

Essay Topic 2

White southerners were afraid that their land was going to be taken away from them and redistributed to the freed slaves.

Part 1: Why do you think the white southerners were afraid to lose their land?

Part 2: How do you think freed slaves might have reacted if they found out that they had no land to use?

Part 3: Do you think there is a better way the land redistribution might have been handled? Why?

Essay Topic 3

The Ku Klux Klan developed during this time period in response to the organizations of freed African Americans.

Part 1: Why do you think the KKK was so successful in starting their organization?

Part 2: Do you think the KKK has a right to be organized and to demonstrate? Why or why not?

Part 3: Do you think the KKK will ever be disbanded? Why or why not?

(see the answer keys)

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