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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. According to "Chapter 1, A Discourse on the Moral Effects of the Arts and Sciences, Part I" how were humans more secure in earlier societies?
(a) No one was deemed better or worse than another.
(b) They weren't more secure.
(c) They had no pretentions.
(d) They could "see through" one another.

2. What does Rousseau want all individuals to have love for?
(a) Their parents.
(b) Their country.
(c) Their history.
(d) Themselves.

3. What makes motives hard to discern in the modern age, according to Rousseau?
(a) Talent is defined, but not beauty.
(b) Beauty makes one work harder.
(c) Society is larger and uncertainty conceals vices.
(d) Talent and beauty are not defined.

4. How does Rousseau want to live and die?
(a) Freely.
(b) With power.
(c) With love.
(d) In solitude.

5. What would history be empty without, according Rousseau?
(a) Without tyrants or wars.
(b) Without greed and power.
(c) Government.
(d) Money.

6. What does Rousseau believe ensures wicked doctrines corrupting life forever?
(a) Art and artists.
(b) The printing press.
(c) War.
(d) History.

7. What does Rousseau understand about the idleness in children?
(a) It's necessary.
(b) It's a good thing.
(c) It's evil.
(d) It allows growth.

8. Who did Rousseau praise for his ignorance in "Chapter 1, A Discourse on the Moral Effects of the Arts and Sciences, Part 1"?
(a) Plato.
(b) Socrates.
(c) Aristotle.
(d) Issac Newton.

9. Mankind's new period of reason is a transition from what age according to Rousseau?
(a) America's industrialism.
(b) Europe's fall of empire.
(c) Rome's fall of empire.
(d) Europe's barbarism.

10. What does Rousseau say the size of the state should be in order to propose laws freely?
(a) Enormous.
(b) Large.
(c) Equal.
(d) Small.

11. What has added little to happiness in humans, according to Rousseau?
(a) Wars.
(b) The progress of art.
(c) Government contol.
(d) The progress of arts and sciences.

12. What does Rousseau want everyone to recognize in "Chapter 3, A Discourse on the Origin of Inequality, Dedication and Preface"?
(a) The authority of the state.
(b) The power of greed.
(c) The wealth of the land.
(d) The authority of art.

13. Describe what Rousseau felt the following did NOT do for human morals in regard to the arts and sciences.?
(a) Affect them.
(b) Worsen them.
(c) Improve them.
(d) Strengthen them.

14. What was the state of France, according to Rousseau, as a result of the introduction of the arts and sciences?
(a) They discovered that they were better off in their ignorance.
(b) The needed the arts and sciences.
(c) The arts and sciences were only a luxury.
(d) The arts and sciences were a detrimental luxury.

15. How do modern centuries see natural law?
(a) Accepted societal behavior.
(b) Rules given to men, given to themselves.
(c) Understood rules.
(d) Rules.

Short Answer Questions

1. What is true philosophy, according to Rousseau in "Chapter 2, A Discourse on the Moral Effects of the Arts and Sciences, Part II"?

2. What does Rousseau see as possibly contradictory in "Chapter 1, A Discourse on the Moral Effects of the Arts and Sciences, Part I"?

3. What type of rights does Rousseau want the cities in his State to have?

4. What type of government worries Rousseau?

5. What does Rousseau believe would return humans to the original state of society?

(see the answer keys)

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