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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. What is the name of the Goddess in Anatolia after 1000 BCE, according to Stone?

2. What might happen if a man were to sleep with another woman after having slept with a Goddess?

3. ____________ warns of famine, violence, and destruction for those who hold to the ways of the Goddess.

4. Yahweh may be derived from the Sanskrit meaning ____________, according to some scholars.

5. Editing of the Hebrew texts takes place over the many centuries, including _______________ by priests.

Short Essay Questions

1. What happens to the consort of the priestess at the end of his time with her in their sacred relationship?

2. After the division of the Hebrew states, what happens to the Storm God Baal?

3. What does the term 'levirate marriage' refer to within the context of history?

4. What are some of the ways the word 'qudishtu' is defined during the times of Moses?

5. What happens to Lilith in the Hebrew story of her and Adam in the creation myth?

6. What do the Aryans consider about themselves, which is something that extends to this day in some groups?

7. What are the Levites the first group to demand of women in the community during the time of Moses?

8. What are the names of the three men who all link the Hebrews with Egypt's Indo-European royalty?

9. Why does Gilgamesh spurn the proposal of marriage from Ishtar when she asks him to marry her?

10. What are some of the activities that take place at the temples of the era in which women ruled?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

The symbolism of birth and of giving life is one that is attributed to women and the Goddess figures.

Part 1: Why is the birth symbolism so important to earlier cultures?

Part 2: Why is the idea of a Great Mother so important to people throughout history?

Part 3: If the giving of life is so important, why aren't women given more power as the years go by, as opposed to less?

Essay Topic 2

According to Stone's research, women in ancient societies used to have more control and power.

Part 1: Why do you think women held more power in earlier times?

Part 2: Why was is beneficial for societies that women held more power and influence?

Part 3: Why do you think women are not as powerful in society anymore? Or are they? Support your answer.

Essay Topic 3

In earlier times, the passing of a royal lineage was not necessarily through marriage - it was through blood lines, with women marrying brothers to continue the family.

Part 1: Why do you think marrying one's brother was not seen as odd in the earlier times?

Part 2: What were some of the benefits for marrying one's brother as opposed to marrying outside of the family?

Part 3: Why wasn't this practice continued as the royal families continued?

(see the answer keys)

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