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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. How many reasons did Burt feel could be used for discounting the effects of environment?

2. It was discovered that there was no general _________ of intelligence as Spearman once thought.

3. Members of the inferior group were always compared with ________ children.

4. Who did Goddard classify was having a mental age below 3?

5. Havelock Ellis was a scientist who claimed the superiority of __________ during this period.

Short Essay Questions

1. What did Binet's study of intelligence begin to rely on as opposed to medical measures of intelligence?

2. Binet was also trying to create a test that distinguished between what?

3. What did E.D. Cope believe affected the value of a person and the determination of their inferiority?

4. What did Gould feel about Eysenck's arguments for black inferiority?

5. What did Ellis find happened to men who were living in urban areas?

6. What were the three rules Binet set up to help prevent the misuse of his test?

7. Was factor analysis the right technique to use in intelligence testing?

8. What did Binet find when he went to various schools to test out Broca's theory of head measurement?

9. What did Burt try to claim he had developed, though it was later shown to be a false claim?

10. What was Binet commissions to do in 1904?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

The condemnation of other races seems to be the target of many of the intelligence studies and their study parameters. Studies seem to have been created just to point out the inferiority of these races.

Part 1: Which races are singled out in this book as being less than intelligent?

Part 2: What are the reasons given for these races being less than intelligent? What is the 'proof' the scientists have to offer?

Part 3: Do you think it's possible for one race to be inferior to another? Why or why not?

Essay Topic 2

Monogenism and polygenism began the discussion that evolved into the idea of one kind of person being better than another kind of person. But that's where many of the troubles, Gould feels, also began.

Part 1: Define the idea of mongenism.

Part 2: Define the idea of polygenism.

Part 3: Which of these two ideas seems to be the most realistic? Why? Support your answer with information from the book.

Essay Topic 3

The idea of testing children in schools is one that is a normal part of life today, but it can have many issues in its effectiveness and in its logic. Binet understood this, and yet still seems to have created more problems in terms of studying intelligence in children.

Part 1: What are some of the problems that stemmed from Binet's test, related to the idea that intelligence is inevitable?

Part 2: What are some ways that heredity is confused within and between groups in relation to Binet's test?

Part 3: Many American psychologists did not follow Binet's rules for using his tests. What belief did this lead to?

(see the answer keys)

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