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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. _________ sat on the Supreme Court for 34 years, serving as Chief Justice before retiring in 1932.
(a) John Dewey.
(b) William James.
(c) Oliver Holmes.
(d) Benjamin Pierce.

2. Charles Pierce did not like James' or Dewey's version of his work and thus attempted to bring forth his own form called __________.
(a) Pragmatism.
(b) Pragmatics.
(c) Monogenism.
(d) Pragmaticism.

3. Pierce believed that the universe was constantly evolving and trying to reach ___________.
(a) Chaos.
(b) Relatvie truth.
(c) Absolute truth.
(d) Equilibrium.

4. __________ is the idea that people come at life from different places, and understand the world in different ways.
(a) Singularism.
(b) Separatism.
(c) Pluralism.
(d) Individualism.

5. The authority of _________ characterizes pre-modern societies, but not modern societies.
(a) Chance.
(b) Environment.
(c) Nurture.
(d) Heredity.

Short Answer Questions

1. Within his theory of pragmatism, James came to believe that some beliefs were __________.

2. Dewey had a different take on stimulus and response that stated _________.

3. Soon after he was fired from Johns Hopkins, Charles Pierce bought a farm with his new wife. He was subsequently fired from ________.

4. Holmes greatest achievement was __________.

5. In May 1918, Congress amended the law to become the Espionage and _________ Act.

Short Essay Questions

1. What was the greatest achievement of Holmes which occurred before he was 40 years old?

2. What did Pierce think of his brother's book, "The Will to Believe" when he read it?

3. Why was the book, "The Process of Government," fairly obscure in the market?

4. Why was the fourteenth amendment added to the Constitution after the Civil War?

5. What did Dewey do after leaving the University of Michigan at the age of thirty-five?

6. What is it said that pragmatism helps reformers, misfits, and geniuses do in their lives?

7. What did Dewey believe about mind and reality in his time after leaving Chicago?

8. What did James finally comes to believe about the beliefs that people had?

9. What did Morris allow Dewey to do as he was his star pupil and eventually good friend?

10. Why did the new theory of cultural pluralism seem to foster prejudice and discrimination?

(see the answer keys)

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