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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. In January of 1861, Richard Hallowell hired Holmes as a body guard for __________.
(a) Wendell Phillips.
(b) Dred Scott.
(c) John Brown.
(d) Lovejoy.

2. Benjamin and Charles Pierce were called to verify the authenticity of a will document produced by __________.
(a) Hetty Robinson.
(b) Edward Mott Robinson.
(c) Isaac Howland Jr.
(d) Sylvia Ann Howland.

3. One member of the Metaphysical Club was Chauncy Wright also known as the local ____________.
(a) Sophocles.
(b) Plato.
(c) Aristotle.
(d) Socrates.

4. When the expedition to Brazil returned, _________ gave lectures about evidence of the Ice Age in Brazil.
(a) Elisabeth Agassiz.
(b) Louis Agassiz.
(c) Charles Darwin.
(d) William James.

5. In 1854 __________ published a two-book set entitled Types of Mankind asserting the supremacy of the white race.
(a) Nott and James.
(b) Nott and Glidden.
(c) Nott and Agassiz.
(d) Agassiz and Glidden.

Short Answer Questions

1. 12 years out of school, Holmes wrote an article based on ________, the idea that if one does his job correctly and with honor, one should be fulfilled.

2. Henry Dana, Charles Sumner and Charles Adams wanted to use the governmental system to stop the spread of slavery. They were _________.

3. ___________was a physician from Montgomery, Alabama that did not agree with slavery but was afraid of Black people.

4. __________ states that since there is no unknown variable, the measurement is likely to be between the two extremes.

5. William James concluded from his trip to Brazil that the effects of race and circumstances depend on a person's __________.

Short Essay Questions

1. Though John Dewey was often considered to be a liberal, what were some of his true views?

2. Why did many people fear the idea of mathematical laws, such as the Law of Errors?

3. How was is said that Swedenborn created his religion, later becoming a religious leader?

4. What was Webster's argument in terms of the legal battle between the two Darmouths which arose?

5. What business did the Civil War destroy, though it did not interfere with the textile industry in New England?

6. Why did Marsh dislike the idea of liberal individualism when it was created by Locke?

7. Why were many of Henry's writings published for the public to see in books and in newspapers?

8. Why did Agassiz's second wife, Elizabeth Cabot Cary, open up a school in their home?

9. Why was Boston the financial center for all cotton products in the mid 19th century?

10. What was based on a combination of the theory of probability and statistics?

(see the answer keys)

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