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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Whitman's view was challenged and entirely defeated mostly by accident by ________________.
(a) Mirrors.
(b) Laws.
(c) Government.
(d) Photography.

2. In large measure, photography has replaced experiential interaction with __________, according to the book.
(a) The world.
(b) True desire.
(c) The ether.
(d) God.

3. Whitman wanted people to begin to see that they needed to accept the _________ within the society.
(a) Happiness.
(b) Horror.
(c) Music.
(d) Real.

4. Photography yields to viewers _____________ to look and to act as a sort of voyeur without repercussion.
(a) Permission.
(b) A desire.
(c) A push.
(d) A need.

5. The cave allegory speaks of __________ chained to a wall within the story itself.
(a) Women.
(b) Children.
(c) Priests.
(d) Prisoners.

Short Answer Questions

1. The FSA program seems to indicate that when you photograph an object, you can _____________.

2. The art of taking documentary photographs instead of helping a situation is a tacit ____________ that whatever is going on should keep on happening.

3. Photographs become ______________; they record the injuries time does to objects.

4. Photographs appropriate place and identity by the act of _________ reproduction, according to Sontag.

5. Sontag defines photography as an aid to ______________ in the opening chapter.

Short Essay Questions

1. How are photographs usually held as definitive evidence in the world, according to Sontag?

2. What are the two groups into which photographers can be categorized, according to the text in this chapter?

3. How does photography make the photographer incapable of intervening in a situation?

4. How does photography encourage voyeurism in those who look at photographs?

5. On what other artistic areas does photography impose standards according to Sontag in this chapter?

6. What did Steichen thus do with his photographs in terms of creating importance with the subject of the picture?

7. How might the surrealist art movement be described, according to Sontag in this chapter?

8. What does Susan Sontag suggest that photography has made society do in relation to reality?

9. What is the significance of the title of this particular chapter of this Susan Sontag book?

10. What was Whitman's cultural and social influence, coined Whitmanesque, according to the text?

(see the answer keys)

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