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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Why are workers exploited in a capitalist state?
(a) They do not earn the full value of their labor.
(b) They are not intelligent.
(c) They are worthless.
(d) They are uneducated.

2. Capitalism will need to be replaced by what?
(a) A dictatorship.
(b) Socialism.
(c) A form of government that will protect and value the worker.
(d) Democracy.

3. Vico suggested that the history of man passes through how many different stages?
(a) Four.
(b) Six.
(c) Five.
(d) Three.

4. How did Spinoza think of God?
(a) As a myth.
(b) As a spiritual principle.
(c) As a leader of men.
(d) As the Almighty.

5. From what does this type of value come?
(a) Putting someone else of value into the commodity.
(b) Taking something else of value out of the commodity.
(c) Putting something else of value into the commodity.
(d) Putting knowledgeable people of value into the commodity.

Short Answer Questions

1. Who was Xenophanes?

2. When does alienation occur?

3. Rius examines the roots of Marxism. At what does he begin by looking?

4. What can make a difference in the workers' situation?

5. One Marxist theorist argued that by working for a capitalist and producing a commodity, the worker is increasing what?

Short Essay Questions

1. Why does Marx not believe that simply raising the workers' salaries would change the situation?

2. What are dialectics and the dialectical method?

3. What took place after the Greek epoch? Describe this period of time.

4. Who are three of Greece's most well-known and important philosophers? Give detailed information about the theories of one of these philosophers.

5. Describe the French socialists. What did Marx think of these men?

6. What are the ideas of empiricism? Who supported these ideas?

7. What is the importance of competition? What example does Marx give to support this? How does this factor into capitalism?

8. How do the foundations of Marx's economic thought begin to come together?

9. What can be learned from the information in this chapter?

10. What does Marx say about alienation?

(see the answer keys)

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