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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. Luther was accused of _____.

2. Where was Hoogstraten from?

3. Which was not high on Leo's list of priorities?

4. What movement was about to begin?

5. Which was not one of Magellan's ships?

Short Essay Questions

1. What issues faced explorers at this time?

2. How did the Catholics respond to Protestants and other heretics? Catholics urged reforms to stop people leaving the church for Protestantism. They fought against the Protestants, referring to them as heretics. The Church would use military and political action as its primary means. Every aspect of Protestantism would be condemned in bulls, but the rebel faiths did well. Heresy would not be tolerated on pain of death.

3. How did the Vatican respond to the selling of indulgences?

4. What was Henry's downfall in the church?

5. Give an example of some of the currents of thought that took place during this time.

6. What were some of the issues that were facing the medieval world as Magellan set out to sea?

7. How did the Catholic Church raise money shortly before the start of the Reformation?

8. Examine Luther's stand in Wittenberg.

9. How did Magellan manage to raise enough funds for the expedition? Who supported Magellan?

10. Discuss Luther's two main works at this time.

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Examine how the Huns, Mongols and Saxons were a large part of the Dark Ages. How did they transcend into the medieval period and beyond?

Essay Topic 2

Juan Sebastian del Cano was a captain of the Victoria in Magellan's armada. Discuss del Cano. What were his qualifications? What was his relationship to Magellan? How was del Cano received in Spain? What was his main contribution to the voyage?

Essay Topic 3

Examine the artists and artistic accomplishments listed in the book. Who were the most influential artists of the time? Were they celebrated because of talent or political connections? Why were the elite so eager to support the arts? What type of art came to the forefront in the Renaissance? How did the artistic movement affect all art to follow? Give examples.

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