Anne of Green Gables addresses social problems of the early twentieth century, some of which remain relevant today.

Writing before American women even had the right to vote, Montgomery reiterates that boys and girls are equally intelligent and talented. Although she portrays gender roles that could be considered stereotypical today—Anne goes on to become a teacher later in the series—her ideas were progressive for 1908. For instance, all the capable graduates of the Avonlea school, whether male or female, continue their studies at Redmond College.

Montgomery also stresses the importance of a good education and the need for enthusiastic, caring teachers. Miss Muriel Stacy's sympathy and encouragement motivate her students far more effectively than does Mr. Phillips's sarcasm. Other books in the series explore teachers' qualifications and the process of teacher selection.

Anne of Green Gables also reflects some of the negative attitudes...