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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. According to the author in Chapter 7, “Absolute Zeros,” thermodynamics led physicists to believe that light was not a particle but what?
(a) A proton.
(b) An electron.
(c) An electromagnetic wave.
(d) A vibrating string.

2. The author suggests in Chapter 8, “Zero Hour at Ground Zero” that zero might spawn universes through a froth of what?
(a) Quantum gravity.
(b) Quantum memory.
(c) Quantum disparity.
(d) Quantum foam.

3. When was Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica first published?
(a) 1687.
(b) 1632.
(c) 1666.
(d) 1568.

4. What term refers to a region of spacetime from which gravity prevents anything, including light, from escaping?
(a) Black hole.
(b) Derivative.
(c) Limit.
(d) Omicron.

5. The Rayleigh–Jeans law revealed an important error in physics theory of its time. The law predicted an energy output that diverges towards infinity as wavelength approaches what?
(a) Zero.
(b) Pi.
(c) One.
(d) The sun.

Short Answer Questions

1. The Leibniz–Newton calculus controversy was an argument between Sir Isaac Newton and Gottfried Leibniz over what?

2. What term in theoretical physics refers to an extension of string theory in which 11 dimensions of spacetime are identified?

3. According to the author in Chapter 5, “Infinite Zeros and Infidel Mathematicians,” Leibniz wanted to use infinitesimals in calculus which were termed what?

4. What rule in calculus uses derivatives to help evaluate limits involving indeterminate forms?

5. How is the Planck relation expressed?

Short Essay Questions

1. What discovery did Friedrich Riemann make in the field of projective geometry?

2. What discovery did Georg Cantor make regarding different types of infinities? How are these types defined?

3. How did the discovery of imaginary numbers affect the study of algebra?

4. What are differential equations? Who first developed differential equations?

5. How is string theory described by the author in Chapter 8, “Zero Hour at Ground Zero”?

6. What is expressed through the Rayleigh-Jeans law? How does this law relate to zero?

7. What was discovered by Albert Einstein’s solution to the photoelectric effect?

8. How are electrons described in Chapter 8, “Zero Hour at Ground Zero”?

9. What does the author say thermodynamics has taught us in Chapter 7, “Absolute Zeros”?

10. What problems were encountered in calculus with zero? How did zero apply to the physical world, according to the author in Chapter 5, “Infinite Zeros and Infidel Mathematicians”?

(see the answer keys)

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