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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. According to James, there are two ways of looking at the whole of the universe. What are these ways?

2. What type of unity does James describe as a preceding event causing a following event?

3. What is the first concept Fechner uses in his reasoning?

4. What does James say allows Fechner to posit Earth systems based on human systems?

5. Who believes that everything has an opposite that is negated?

Short Essay Questions

1. How does James designate the difference between those who are saintly and those who are not?

2. What does James says beliefs are based on? Do you agree?

3. How is James' concept of philosophy different from your own?

4. How does James define the results of excess?

5. Describe Fechner's approach to philosophy.

6. Why does James believe that religion should be based on an individual level?

7. What are the types of unity that James describes?

8. What is the monist position?

9. For a man to experience the divine, what does James insist he must do?

10. According to James, what drives human behavior?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

What political opinions does James assert? Is it effective for James to make these assertions known to the reader? What effect does this have on the reader?

Essay Topic 2

Compare and contrast Royce and Bergson. What do they believe about empiricism? Ignorance? Attention? Life? Experience?

Essay Topic 3

How does James respond to criticisms? Is he effective at responding to his critics? Does he respond in a humble manner? Are his responses effective at providing support for his own arguments?

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