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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What is the view that salvation is neither impossible nor inevitable?
(a) Pessimism.
(b) Ascetism.
(c) Meliorism.
(d) Optimism.

2. What word does James associate with prayer?
(a) Rational.
(b) Morals.
(c) Virtue.
(d) Transaction.

3. James identifies a substance through which of the following?
(a) Empathy.
(b) Senses.
(c) Intellectual reasoning.
(d) Attributes.

4. The lecture about Royce adds to lectures on which topic?
(a) Bergson.
(b) Theism.
(c) Ignorance.
(d) Pluralism.

5. James claims that religion is in line with which of the following?
(a) Moral simplicity.
(b) Instinct.
(c) Individual simplicity.
(d) Rationalism.

6. Fechner is the founder of ______________.
(a) Scientific psychology.
(b) Biology.
(c) Research psychology.
(d) Modern philosophy.

7. In Lecture II, James outlines the meaning of ______________.
(a) Religion.
(b) Health.
(c) Mysticism.
(d) Happiness.

8. According to James, religion cannot exist on which of the following?
(a) Irrational thought.
(b) Rational thought.
(c) Moral thought.
(d) Immoral thought.

9. James suggests the naturalist approach consists of living __________.
(a) Simply.
(b) Positively.
(c) Negatively.
(d) Frugally.

10. James says that the second way of looking at "To You" is in which position?
(a) Logic.
(b) Intellectual.
(c) Pluralist.
(d) Pragmatic.

11. What does James identify as a "sick soul"?
(a) One who has reached a state of psychological rock-bottom.
(b) One who has committed a crime.
(c) One who is psychologicall and emotionally empty.
(d) One who has made a difficult decision.

12. What position does James say is the 'all-form'?
(a) Monist.
(b) Logic.
(c) Pluralist.
(d) Rationalist.

13. What position does James attribute to being the 'each-form'?
(a) Pluralist.
(b) Monist.
(c) Theist.
(d) Meliorist.

14. What kind of unity does James describe as being things that are like each other?
(a) Casual.
(b) Monist.
(c) Plural.
(d) Generic.

15. Which of the following does James not identify as a quality of saintliness?
(a) Strength of the soul.
(b) Charity.
(c) Purity.
(d) Intelligence.

Short Answer Questions

1. According to James, the more dramatic examples of conversion tend to be which of the following?

2. What does James believe to be the prevalence of one set of ideas?

3. What type of unity does James describe as a preceding event causing a following event?

4. After the first act, James believes that people will then act out of _____________.

5. According to James, there are two ways of looking at the whole of the universe. What are these ways?

(see the answer keys)

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