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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What is the name of the interglacial that we are currently in?
(a) The Eemian.
(b) The Holocene.
(c) The Atlanticum.
(d) The Subboreal.

2. How does de Blij suggest that you give directions if you do not know which way is north, south, east, or west?
(a) He suggests drawing a map to use as a reference.
(b) He suggests giving directions based on an analog clock face.
(c) He suggests giving directions based on landmarks.
(d) He suggests using global positioning software.

3. What other university departments does de Blij feel should be resurrected, along with geography departments?
(a) Interdisciplinary studies departments.
(b) Sociology departments.
(c) Departments of regional studies.
(d) History departments.

4. What do geographers analyze using the gravity model?
(a) Plate tectonics.
(b) Interaction between cities.
(c) Current events.
(d) The history of Earth.

5. What caused the Younger Dryas?
(a) The Mongol invasions.
(b) Ice sheets sliding into the oceans.
(c) The Little Ice Age.
(d) A volcanic eruption.

6. What event caused Earth's most recent mass extinction?
(a) A collision with a comet or asteroid.
(b) A temporary lowering in the temperature of the Sun.
(c) Mass flooding caused by global warming.
(d) The formation of the Moon.

7. Why does de Blij feel that Americans are unprepared to evaluate global warming?
(a) Because they do not take classes in geography.
(b) Because they do not understand geologic history.
(c) Because they do not know enough about science.
(d) Because they do not pay attention to current events.

8. What problem has historically been an issue between Canada and the United States?
(a) Fishing rights.
(b) Mining.
(c) Acid rain.
(d) Immigration.

9. Who does de Blij describe as a modern proponent of environmental determinism?
(a) Ellsworth Huntington.
(b) Brian Fagan.
(c) Stephen Oppenheimer.
(d) Jared Diamond.

10. How do geographers look at the world, according to de Blij?
(a) Structurally.
(b) Spatially.
(c) Temporally.
(d) Chronologically.

11. How did colonial powers in Europe divide up the territory in Africa?
(a) They used economic embargoes to force Africans to agree.
(b) They fought wars.
(c) They negotiated peacefully.
(d) They bought the land from indigenous groups.

12. What does a geostationary satellite do?
(a) It can discern features of tiny objects on Earth's surface.
(b) It remains stationary over a particular point on Earth's surface.
(c) It produces maps of changing weather conditions.
(d) It sends data to GPS devices in cars.

13. What continent will decline in population by 2050, according to the United Nations?
(a) Asia.
(b) North America.
(c) Europe.
(d) Africa.

14. Why did the volcano explosion in Sumatra affect Earth's climate?
(a) It caused a tsunami.
(b) It shifted one of the plates in Earth's crust.
(c) It heated Earth's atmosphere.
(d) It sent millions of tons of ash and debris into the atmosphere.

15. What were the first modern humans called?
(a) Homo erectus.
(b) Cro-Magnons.
(c) Homo habilus.
(d) Neanderthals.

Short Answer Questions

1. When President Ronald Reagan visited Brazil, where did he tell people he was happy to be?

2. When did China first begin to feel the impact of the Little Ice Age?

3. What did scientists think was happening to the climate in the 1950s, when de Blij was in graduate school?

4. What issue has caused conflicts along the border between Germany and the Netherlands?

5. How did Dr. John Snow use maps to save lives in London during the 19th century?

(see the answer keys)

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