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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. The objective of the White Citizens Council that sprang up throughout the South was to do what?
(a) Integrate the South.
(b) Reinstate slavery.
(c) Destroy Brown v. Board.
(d) Relocate Blacks.

2. Rather than being overtly racist, Richard Nixon and George Wallace began to use what?
(a) Racially charged language.
(b) Racially coded language.
(c) A foreign language.
(d) Telepathy.

3. Who was Deputy Director of the National Security Council under Reagan?
(a) Jamie Oliver.
(b) Oliver North.
(c) Oliver Stone.
(d) Oliver Twist.

4. In 1970, what act was renewed for another five years?
(a) The Equality Opportunity Act.
(b) The Civil Rights Act.
(c) The Freedom Act.
(d) The Voting Rights Act.

5. During the Civil Rights Era, Black Americans began to see what?
(a) Expanded job opportunities and better education.
(b) Limited job opportunities and poor quality education.
(c) Expanded job opportunities, but not better education.
(d) Better education, but limited job opportunities.

Short Answer Questions

1. Why were sentences for crack and cocaine thought to racially discriminate?

2. In response to Cooper v. Aaron, the Governor of Arkansas did what to public schools?

3. The Voting Rights Acts was a result of what 1965 event?

4. In addition to student aid cuts, Reagan reduced what school program by $1.46 billion?

5. By 1969, what percent of Prince Edward County schools were Black?

Short Essay Questions

1. Describe the event that led to the Voting Rights Act.

2. What was the National Defense of Education Act? Why was it written? Name a key player involved in its implementation. Did this person believe in equal education for all?

3. What events led to the Civil Rights Act?

4. Describe the ways in which the Reagan administration continued to roll back civil rights, according to Anderson. What examples does Anderson use in regards to education?

5. Describe how Anderson explains the Reagan administration's “drug crisis.” How did it begin and what unethical things were done?

6. In what ways did those who disagreed with Brown try to crush it?

7. In what ways does Anderson say the new drug laws under Reagan disproportionately impact African Americans?

8. What Russian event sparked Americans to reevaluate their education system? Who was President at this time and how did he react?

9. How did communism become intertwined with school integration and Brown?

10. What was the civil rights movement?

(see the answer keys)

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