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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. How does Einar go about seeking the hand of Gudrid?

2. Who gives Gudrid the prophecy about her future?

3. What is found in abundance on the island near Straumfjord?

4. How old was Karlsefni's son when they left Vinland?

5. What does Sigrid see in her vision?

Short Essay Questions

1. What prophecy does Gudrid hear about her future? Who tells her this future?

2. How does Freydis drive away the natives giving chase?

3. Describe the first two encounters that Karlsefni and his men have with the natives.

4. What does the corpse of Thorstein Eriksson say about the dead? What do the people do after hearing it?

5. What happens with the whale? Why do people refuse to eat it?

6. What future does Thorbjorg predict for Gudrid?

7. How does Karlsefni's mother feel about Gudrid when she meets her and how does that change over time?

8. How does a fight break out between Karlsefni's men and the natives? Describe the sequence of events leading up to Karlsefni and his men fleeing.

9. Explain the affair of the Christmas feast, and what secondary function the Christmas feast ended up serving.

10. Describe Thorhall and explain why he is on the expedition to Vinland.

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Eirik the Red and his sons explored a considerable amount of new land. Write an essay about the family that may have been the first Europeans to discover America.

Part 1. What lands were Eirik the Red and his sons the first Europeans to discover and explore?

Part 2. Each of the four of the explorers had a different motivation for their exploration. What was the motivation of each and how did they differ from one another?

Part 3. There are descriptions of Eirik, Leif, Thorvald, and Thorstein in the sagas. What were they like? Is there evidence to suggest how they get along together?

Essay Topic 2

Do some outside research on the mystical creature referred to as a uniped, and write an essay about it.

Part 1. What is a uniped?

Part 2. Other than the Vinland Sagas, where are unipeds referred to them?

Part 3. What lore surrounds unipeds?

Part 4. Do you have an explanation about what unipeds might be? What other theories are out there about what this and other unipeds might be?

Essay Topic 3

Write an essay about many popular misconceptions about Vikings.

Part 1. What is the popular image of a Viking?

Part 2. What parts of the popular image of a Viking are wrong?

Part 3. Provide explanations or evidence that suggests that these popular misconceptions are not historical.

Part 4. What might historical Vikings have been like instead?

(see the answer keys)

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