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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. Where do the brothers stay when they arrive in Vinland?

2. What is Eirik sentenced with by the Thorsness Assembly?

3. What do Leif and his men notice about the days on this new land compared to Greenland or Iceland?

4. What is the general consensus about Freydis after her trip to Vinland?

5. Why do the men wish to stop at this land?

Short Essay Questions

1. How does Leif become aware of Freydis' behavior on Vinland and what does he do about it?

2. What happens to Thorstein and his crew when they set sail for Vinland? Where do they end up spending the winter?

3. What response does Bjarni receive when he shares his sighting of the new land?

4. Describe the circumstances of Bjarni's discovery of new lands to the west.

5. Explain who Aud brings to Iceland with her, who they were, and what happened once they arrived in Iceland.

6. Describe what happens as Leif and his crew try to approach the shore of the mainland.

7. What circumstances caused Eirik the Red to leave Iceland?

8. What kind of person is Freydis? Give examples.

9. Describe how Eirik the Red felt about the possibility of joining Leif's exploration crew and why he did not.

10. How long does Thorvald spend in Vinland, and what are his primary activities while he is there? Give details.

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

What are the Icelandic Sagas?

Part 1. What are the Icelandic Sagas? When were they written and by whom?

Part 2. Why are the Icelandic Sagas important historically? What do we know from them?

Part 3. Summarize and analyze the content of the Vinland sagas.

Essay Topic 2

Write an essay about Erik the Red.

Part 1. Who was Erik the Red? When and where did he live and die?

Part 2. How do we know about Erick the Red? What sources do we have regarding him?

Part 3. Write a brief biography about Erik the Red. Include what he did throughout his life and his reasons for doing those things. Who were his children?

Essay Topic 3

Eirik the Red is sentenced to outlawry by the Thorsness Assembly. Write an essay about the concept of outlawry.

Part 1. What does the legal sentence of outlawry mean?

Part 2. What places practiced the sentence of outlawry? When did they stop?

Part 3. What are the good and bad consequences of the practice of outlawry? Why do you think it is no longer practiced?

(see the answer keys)

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