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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. The author describes Anne Hutchinson’s beliefs by saying in Chapter 10: “Seventeenth-Century Nihilism” that, “In Puritan terminology this meant that "sanctification" was no evidence of” what?

2. Who is quoted in Chapter 11: “The New England Way” as having said “if the people be governors, who shall be governed?”

3. What was the name of Anne Hutchinson’s brother-in-law that was a minister whom she admired?

4. What ordinance was exercised by Winthrop and his assistants regarding firearms and the Indians, according to the author in Chapter 7: “A Due Form of Government”?

5. According to the king’s charter for the Massachusetts Bay Company, it was ordained that the freemen of the company were to elect a governor, deputy governor, and how many “assistants” every year?

Short Essay Questions

1. Where did Roger Williams go when he left Plymouth? Where did he begin a church and start to gain power, according to the author in Chapter 9: “Separation Unleashed”?

2. What ordinance does the author describe Nathaniel Ward as having introduced in Chapter 11: “The New England Way”?

3. What forced John Winthrop to reveal the stipulations of the charter to the colonists, according to the author in Chapter 8: “Leniency Rebuked”?

4. What power did the clergy have in the Massachusetts settlement, according to the author in Chapter 11: “The New England Way”?

5. How was Winthrop’s system of elections established, according to the author in Chapter 7: “A Due Form of Government”? On what grounds was this system established?

6. Why did John Winthrop want to retire from government in 1640, according to the author in Chapter 12: “New England or Old”?

7. How does the author describe Anne Hutchinson’s Antinomian beliefs in Chapter 10: “Seventeenth-Century Nihilism”?

8. When was the “Body of Liberties” adopted in Massachusetts? What did this document contain?

9. What were John Winthrop’s feelings about Roger Williams, according to the author in Chapter 9: “Separation Unleashed”?

10. What type of government did the Massachusetts Bay Company charter entitle the officers to establish for the colony, according to the author in Chapter 7: “A Due Form of Government”?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Describe the biography, work, and beliefs of Thomas Dudley. What was Dudley’s role in the governing body of the Massachusetts Colony? What led to the animosity between Dudley and Winthrop? How did this rivalry affect government and government policy in the colony?

Essay Topic 2

Describe and discuss His Majesty’s Court of Wards and Liveries. When was the Court of Wards and Liveries established? What was its purpose? How did the court evolve by the time that Winthrop worked there as an attorney? What did Winthrop think of his work at the court?

Essay Topic 3

Describe and analyze the system of elections established by John Winthrop and the other leaders of the Massachusetts Bay Colony. What influenced these leaders to adopt a system of voting for leadership? How did these systems find their way into what would eventually become the United States system of government? What was innovative about the electoral system adopted?

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