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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. Winthrop and his fellow Puritans published a statement maintaining their love for the Church of England and insisting that they were not separatists, which they issued from their ship on what date?

2. What was the name of John and Margaret Winthrop’s youngest son that stayed with Margaret when John Winthrop first set out for New England?

3. Upon arriving in the New World, John Winthrop’s shops sailed through the channel between Bakers Island and Little Island and cast anchor where, according to the author in Chapter 5: “Survival”?

4. When was Mary Tudor born?

5. How old was John and Margaret Winthrop’s son that stayed with Margaret when John Winthrop first set out for New England?

Short Essay Questions

1. How did the Puritans of the late 16th and early 17th Centuries feel about the state of the government in England, according to the author in Chapter 2: “Evil and Declining Times”?

2. How does the author describe the journey of John Winthrop’s fleet in Chapter 5: “Survival”? Where did the fleet cast anchor in America?

3. What did Puritanism mean to John Winthrop in the 1610s and 1620s? How did his beliefs influence his actions, according to the author in Chapter 1: “The Taming of the Heart”?

4. How did John Winthrop’s views of the English government change during the late 1610s and early 1620s, according to the author in Chapter 2: “Evil and Declining Times”?

5. What was the Puritan relationship with Parliament in England, according to the author in Chapter 2: “Evil and Declining Times”?

6. How did the members of the Massachusetts Bay Company perceive the charter when they were told about it in Chapter 4: “The Way to a New England”? Why?

7. How does the author describe the Puritans’ perception of sin and the punishment of sin in the New World in Chapter 6: “A Special Commission”?

8. How does the author describe John Winthrop’s education in Chapter 1: “The Taming of the Heart”? When did John Winthrop leave school and marry?

9. How did the travels of John Winthrop’s sons influence his opinions of settlement in the New World, according to the author in Chapter 3: “A Shelter and a Hiding Place”?

10. What caused the tensions within Puritanism in the 1610s and 1620s, according to the author in Chapter 1: “The Taming of the Heart”?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Define “Arminianism” and “Calvinism” and discuss the histories of each In what ways were these belief systems similar? How did they differ? Who was John Calvin? When did Calvin publish The Institutes of the Christian Religion? How did this publication change religion in Europe?

Essay Topic 2

Describe and discuss the rituals of marriage and courtship during the early 1600s. How frequently were marriages arranged? How did religious belief play a role in the marriage process? How are the customs of the day illustrated through John Winthrop’s first two marriages?

Essay Topic 3

Describe and analyze the system of elections established by John Winthrop and the other leaders of the Massachusetts Bay Colony. What influenced these leaders to adopt a system of voting for leadership? How did these systems find their way into what would eventually become the United States system of government? What was innovative about the electoral system adopted?

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