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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. On October 6, 1973, Egypt and Syria launched a massive coordinated attack on which country?
(a) Saudi Arabia
(b) Japan
(c) India
(d) Israel

2. Britain and France joined with what country to plan an attack on Egypt?
(a) Germany
(b) The United States
(c) Israel
(d) Japan

3. The prices of oil did what between 1970 and 1973?
(a) Remained the same
(b) Fell sharply
(c) Decreased by 10 percent
(d) Doubled

4. How did Eisenhower feel about the attack on Egypt?
(a) Surprised and angry
(b) Resigned and depressed
(c) Cautiously happy
(d) Indifferent

5. Who feared the demise of OPEC?
(a) Jimmy Carter
(b) Margaret Thatcher
(c) Alirio Parra
(d) Ronald Reagan

Short Answer Questions

1. In 1965, who won two-thirds of the exploration leases on the Prudhoe Bay structure?

2. The US sold arms to which country in an effort to win freedom for American hostages in Lebanon?

3. What was one of OPEC's goals when it was founded?

4. American hostages were taken from the embassy in which city?

5. What was the most competitive market in the world in the 1950s-60s?

Short Essay Questions

1. What effects did cheap gas have in the United States in the 1950s? Why were consumers able to obtain cheap gas during this time?

2. Venezuela's Alirio Parra helped stabilize OPEC through a meeting with oil leaders. Why was the meeting held? What came out of this meeting?

3. What were some of the challenges of harvesting oil in Alaska? How did the oil companies address some of the issues?

4. Why is 1974 to 1978 known as OPEC's Golden Age?

5. What is the Suez Canal? Why was it important for the oil industry?

6. What events change the oil landscape in Iran? What happened to Mossadegh?

7. Who succeeded Nasser in Egypt? What changes did he make?

8. What was the "Arab oil embargo"? How did it affect the U.S.?

9. The postwar petroleum order rested on which two foundations? Who wanted to change the agreements?

10. Who was Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini? What impact did he have on the oil industry?

(see the answer keys)

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