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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Which country placed troops in the Canal Zone to protect it for oil purposes?
(a) Japan
(b) England
(c) Brazil
(d) Germany

2. In the late 1970s, oil buyers did what?
(a) Stopped buying
(b) Demanded that less oil be produced so prices would increase
(c) Hoarded the oil they bought
(d) Sold the oil at low prices

3. Which nuclear power plant malfunctioned just after the OPEC meeting?
(a) Three Mile Island
(b) Ikata
(c) Obninsk
(d) Calder Hall

4. From 1985 to 1990, who was the world's largest purchaser of conventional arms?
(a) Iraq
(b) China
(c) Russia
(d) The United States

5. Who conducted a new series of investigations into the oil companies' activities?
(a) Richard Nixon
(b) Senator James Niels
(c) Senator Henry Jackson
(d) Senator Alexander Daniels

Short Answer Questions

1. The US sold arms to which country in an effort to win freedom for American hostages in Lebanon?

2. In 1979, Iran produced what percent of the world's oil?

3. Enrico Mattei did what to change the oil situation in the Middle East?

4. Which country put an embargo on Iranian imports?

5. From 1949-72, world oil consumption did what?

Short Essay Questions

1. What was the "Arab oil embargo"? How did it affect the U.S.?

2. Who succeeded Nasser in Egypt? What changes did he make?

3. What weakened OPEC's position in the oil industry? Give at least one specific example.

4. What events change the oil landscape in Iran? What happened to Mossadegh?

5. What actions did Sadat take toward Israel? What was his goal?

6. What tensions existed between Iran and Iraq? What effect did this have on the oil market?

7. The postwar petroleum order rested on which two foundations? Who wanted to change the agreements?

8. Who was Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini? What impact did he have on the oil industry?

9. What triggered economic recovery in 1983?

10. What was at the heart of the Arab oil embargo? How did other countries feel about the issues?

(see the answer keys)

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