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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. J. N. Pews in 1876 pioneered the use of natural gas to light which city?
(a) Boston
(b) Pittsburgh
(c) Albany
(d) New York

2. Stalin wanted oil from which country to supplement Soviet production?
(a) India
(b) Saudi Arabia
(c) Kuwait
(d) Iran

3. U.S. oil production rose how much between 1940 and 1945?
(a) 4%
(b) 58%
(c) 90%
(d) 30%

4. Who toured the Middle East and believed it to be "the greatest prize in history" because of its oil?
(a) FDR
(b) Everette Lee DeGolyer
(c) James Forrestal
(d) David McNaughton

5. Germans pioneered the extraction of what from coal before World War I?
(a) Oil
(b) Synthetic fuels
(c) Petroleum
(d) Nitrogen

6. In the early 1930s, the United States provided how much of Japan's oil imports?
(a) 16%
(b) 90%
(c) 57%
(d) 40%

7. Oil industry lore calls the war years what?
(a) The Stand in Arabia
(b) The Saudi Alamo
(c) Time of the Hundred Men
(d) Germany's Fury

8. Which act gave FDR power to control exports, including oil?
(a) Manchurian Act of 1937
(b) Export Safety Act
(c) Imbargo Act of 1939
(d) National Defense Act

9. Who became Britain's chief oil supplier just before WWI?
(a) Exxon
(b) Royal Dutch
(c) APOC
(d) Shell

10. Which country was not represented at the meeting?
(a) Germany
(b) England
(c) The United States
(d) Russia

11. What material was rationed in the U.S. during the war?
(a) Oil
(b) Cotton
(c) Water
(d) Rubber

12. What event in the 1920s plunged oil into dire straits?
(a) World War I
(b) Prohibition
(c) The Tulsa Race Riot
(d) The Great Depression

13. What did England sign in 1907 to foil German penetration into the Middle East?
(a) Anglo-Russian Convention
(b) England-Persia Agreement
(c) London-Turkey Treaty
(d) English-Saudi Agreement

14. What was key to Hitler's aggression toward Russia?
(a) Wanting to defeat Stalin
(b) Baku oil
(c) Synthetic oils
(d) Russia's alliance with the United States

15. Who subdued much of Arabia and negotiated the exchange of oil for money for his country?
(a) Ibn Saud
(b) Harry St. John Bridger
(c) Chaim Weizmann
(d) Rub al-Khali

Short Answer Questions

1. Outside the U.S., oil exploration in the Western Hemisphere centered where?

2. What did Calouste Gulbenkian come to be known as after APOC and Shell gave him shares in their companies?

3. Japan believed that what was the biggest liability for Germans in WWI, leading to their defeat?

4. What "taboo" did Venezuela break in the 1940s?

5. What lead to instigating gasoline rationing in England?

(see the answer keys)

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