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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Crito and Socrates agreed that what action is always unjust?
(a) Harming others.
(b) Doing a just thing for the wrong reasons.
(c) Judging another person.
(d) Avoiding one's punishment.

2. What is the term for realizing that one's expectations are too high?
(a) Disillusionment.
(b) Disgruntled.
(c) Dysphasia.
(d) Dystopia.

3. What did Socrates say about the laws of the land during his conversation with Crito?
(a) They are just, so it is just to follow them.
(b) They are unjust, but must be followed.
(c) They both protect and control members of society.
(d) They control members of society, but don't do much to protect them.

4. How can a person avoid all disappointment, according to Socrates?
(a) Having realistic expectations.
(b) Relying on oneself, rather than others.
(c) They can't.
(d) Learning more about someone before placing demands on them.

5. Who is Crito?
(a) Meletus' cousin.
(b) Socrates' friend.
(c) Socrates' son.
(d) Euthyphro's nephew.

6. What does the term "philosopher" mean?
(a) Lover of wisdom.
(b) Purveyor of knowledge.
(c) Inquisitor.
(d) Educated person.

7. What did Socrates say about the jurors who convicted him?
(a) They were being selfish.
(b) The jury committed an injustice against him.
(c) They were doing what they felt was just.
(d) They didn't know any better.

8. Was Plato present at Socrates' execution?
(a) No, he was unwell.
(b) Phaedo doesn't say.
(c) No, he did not want to attend.
(d) Yes.

9. What theory did the Pythagoreans have about the human soul?
(a) They felt that the soul was eternal and unchanging.
(b) They didn't believe in the concept of the soul.
(c) They felt that the soul only lasted as long as the body did.
(d) They didn't have a theory about the human soul.

10. What does "transmigration of souls" mean?
(a) The communications from the dead that are received by the living.
(b) Displaced souls that roam the earth.
(c) Some aspects of an individual exist before, during, and after their lifetime.
(d) The journey across the River Styx.

11. According to Tarrant, why did Socrates submit so easily to his sentencing?
(a) It afforded him some control.
(b) He had a terminal illness.
(c) He had no will to live.
(d) He chose it over being banished.

12. What was the relationship, according to Crito and Socrates, between just actions and natural ones?
(a) An action may be natural, but unjust.
(b) Natural actions are always just.
(c) Just actions are always natural.
(d) An action may be just, but not natural.

13. According to Tarrant, what is one modern debate which is similar in nature to the issues in the "Phaedo"?
(a) Capital punishment.
(b) Nature vs. nurture.
(c) Intelligent Design.
(d) Reincarnation.

14. According to Socrates and his friends, what happens to a soul after it spends some time in the Underworld?
(a) It forgets its previous life.
(b) It ascends to Heaven.
(c) It reemerges as a new mortal.
(d) It is assimilated by the life force of the cosmos.

15. How did Phaedo describe Socrates' execution?
(a) Unfair.
(b) Peaceful.
(c) Horrifying.
(d) Heart-wrenching.

Short Answer Questions

1. Why did Crito come to visit Socrates?

2. What were Socrates and his partner debating about at the end of Book 5, Chapter 2?

3. In what area of thought did the Pythagorean school excel?

4. Each theory about the afterlife that is presented by Socrates' friends represents a different conception of what?

5. Who is the intended audience for the Phaedo?

(see the answer keys)

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