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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. Why does Memmuis send Lucius Cassius to Numidia?

2. What does Jugurtha tell Bomilcar to do?

3. What does Jugurtha do once the Senate has made its decision on Numidia?

4. What does Sallust say people should not do if the government is corrupt?

5. What does Rome's feelings about Metellus motivate him to do?

Short Essay Questions

1. How does Rome feel about Metellus's encounters with Jugurtha and what is Metellus's response to this?

2. What does Metellus do with Bohumilcar?

3. How does the Roman public react to Marius and Metellus's falling out?

4. How do the Romans finally arrest Jugurtha?

5. What does Marius do when he is in Numidia?

6. How does Jugurtha take care of Annuis?

7. How does Metellus handle Jugurtha's ambush and what does he do after the first encounter with Jugurtha?

8. How does the war between Jugurtha and Adhrbal start?

9. How does Jugurtha provoke Adherbal into resuming hostilities?

10. What does Memmuis tell Jugurtha he must do when Cassius brings him to Rome and how does Jugurtha get out of it?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Sallust presents the Roman army as ill-disciplined brutes. They buy everything instead of making it and live a luxurious life that is not conducive to being men of war.

1. Explain in detail why you think Sallust's evaluation of how soldiers should live is correct or wrong. Use examples from the text to support your answer.

2. Discuss in detail the moral implications of the politicians who send soldiers to war living at a much higher standard than the soldiers. Include in your discussion if you believe the disparity between soldiers' lives and politicians lives make it easier for politicians to use soldiers.

3. Military personnel in America receive fairly low compensation for their jobs although in peacetime the benefits and compensation may seem adequate, when faced with combat, it might seem too little. Discuss what you think is a fair wage for combat soldiers and what they should receive as veterans.

Essay Topic 2

The Jugurthine War is presented by Sallust as an historical account of two events in Roman history yet it seems to contain as much subjective opinion as historical facts.

1. Discuss why Sallust's book might be mere propaganda for the Roman government. Use examples from the text to support your answer.

2. Debate the following statement: History should contain only facts not opinions or propaganda.

3. How much propaganda do you think is taught in history classes in the present time? Use examples to support your answer.

Essay Topic 3

It seems strange that Sallust represents Jugurtha as an honorable man and then suggests that his motives behind his violence were nothing more than a lust for power, control and war.

1. Discuss, with examples from the text, the above statement.

2. Jugurtha committed many atrocities in his quest for power. Discuss how you believe his behavior would be settled in an international court for war crimes. How are his actions similar to some of the war crimes which have been tried in the past twenty years?

3. Jugurtha killed not only many people, but his own adopted brothers and even tortured Adherbal. Do you think fratricide is morally more reprehensible than murder of a person who is unknown to the criminal? Why or why not?

(see the answer keys)

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