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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. When does Marius decide to attack Jugurtha?

2. What does Sallust say is how Europeans view Africa?

3. What type of government does Sallust say could bring about a change?

4. To where does Adherval flee?

5. What does Jugurtha do after the Roman representatives leave?

Short Essay Questions

1. How does the Roman public react to Marius and Metellus's falling out?

2. Describe the circumstances surrounding Hiempsal's death?

3. What does Adherbal do when he runs to Rome and how does that work out for him?

4. How does the Senate respond to Jugurtha's action towards Adherbal?

5. What does the senate decide to do about Numidia?

6. How does Jugurtha provoke Adherbal into resuming hostilities?

7. What does Sallust say is the reason he is writing The Jugurthine War book?

8. What does Sallust say about public office and what most men don't want and how they gain promotions?

9. What does the Senate tell Jugurtha he must do about Adherbal and what is Jugurtha's response?

10. What forces the Senate to act against Jugurtha and what do they do?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Cato implies that the government is full of corrupt and power-hungry individuals who promote their own wealth over the health of the state.

1. What have you read in this book that would lead you to agree with Cato? Use examples from the book to support your answer.

2. There are many who would say almost all governments are full of corruption. Do you agree or disagree with this? Why or why not?

3. There are some people who compare present day America with the last years of Rome. Compare the two nations with what you see are the similarities and the differences.

Essay Topic 2

From Sallust's perspective, the Jugurthine war was more akin to a civil war between the nobility and the people, and Jugurtha was an excuse for the takeover.

1. Why do you think Sallust calls the Jugurthine War a civil war? Do you agree with this assertion? Why or why not? Use examples from the text to support your answer.

2. In some ways, some of the wars in which the United States has participated were civil wars, at least from Sallust's perspective. Do you think it is moral or immoral for America to interfere in a civil war in another country? Why or why not?

3. If one believes Sallust's description of civil war, then the American Revolution would have to be considered a civil war. Debate the two sides to this statement.

Essay Topic 3

Sallust concentrates on the action, often presenting everything in very black and white. For example, the good guys such as Cicero are inherently good, while Catiline, of course, is completely bad. It is interesting that when Antonio pardons himself from fighting, Sallust passes no judgment on him.

1. Discuss the problems that can be caused in a situation when good or bad are the only two judgments that can be made about that situation. Use examples from the text and your own life to illustrate your ideas.

2. Rigidity in thinking has been the cause of much disagreements and misunderstanding in the world. When two people or two cultures or two countries are unable to see the viewpoint of another, communication cannot take place. Sallust seeing some persons as all good or all bad is an example of rigid thinking. Discuss a problem in the present time which is caused or aggravated by rigid thinking.

3. Debate the following statement: All people have both good and bad within and no one is all bad or all good. Use examples of well known individuals in history and individuals in this book, to illustrate both sides of the issue.

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