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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. What does Jugurtha do when he hears of Metellus's character?

2. What does Micipas tell his two biological sons when he is on his deathbed?

3. What type of government does Sallust say could bring about a change?

4. To where does Adherval flee?

5. What does Metellus do about Vacca?

Short Essay Questions

1. What does Sallust say is the reason he is writing The Jugurthine War book?

2. How does Jugurtha provoke Adherbal into resuming hostilities?

3. What does Adherbal do when he runs to Rome and how does that work out for him?

4. How do the Romans finally arrest Jugurtha?

5. How does Metellus handle Jugurtha's ambush and what does he do after the first encounter with Jugurtha?

6. What type of government does Sallust say could solve the problems but what happens when that is attempted?

7. What does Marius do when he is in Numidia?

8. What does Jugurtha decide to do after he agrees to surrender to Metellus?

9. What does the senate decide to do about Numidia?

10. What does Jugurtha do after he flees Thala?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Sallust starts by talking about the strengths of the mind and the body. He puts the virtues of the mind above that of the body, but he understands that war needs both the mind for planning and the body for attacking.

1. Discuss the strengths of the mind versus the strengths of the body. Include in your discussion how one might complement the other and how one might interfere with the other.

2. Discuss the different uses of the body and the mind for war. Use examples from the text to support your answer.

3. Using the text as a resource, why do you think Sallust puts the virtue of the mind above that of the body? Use examples from the text to support your answer.

Essay Topic 2

Sallust describes Metellus as an honorable man, who Jurgurtha has no chance to persuade with the lure of gold. Metullus bribes Bohumilcar to bring him Jurgurtha offering him a pardon for murder.

1. Though Metellus is touted as an honorable man by Sallust he offers a pardon for murder to get Bohumilcar. Discuss how this behavior conflicts with the concept of an honorable man.

2. Discuss, in detail, what you believe being an honorable man might mean in present day American society.

3. Discuss a situation in your own life where either honor or dishonor made a situation better or worse.

Essay Topic 3

Jugurtha motivates his troops by saying they have conquered the Romans before and they will do it again. He says they are at an advantage because they know the land.

1. Why do you think Jugurtha appeals to his troops history with the Romans in order to motivate them? Does the fact that the Romans are in control of Numidia negate his argument? How does it affect what Jugurtha says to his troops about fighting the Romans?

2. Discuss why Jugurtha troops knowing the land will be an advantage over the Roman troops. Use examples to support your answer.

3. Speeches before battle is a type of manipulation. If one can appeal to the emotions of soldiers they will be more likely to be willing to die for their leader. How do you think this type of manipulation can be used or is used in modern armies?

(see the answer keys)

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