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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. What does the Senate do about Catiline after Catulus reads a letter from him?

2. What does Catiline plan to do with Lucius Cotta and Lucius Torquatus?

3. What does Catiline do when he hears about his men being killed?

4. For what does Sallust say the mind is needed in war?

5. Who do Catiline's followers plan to lure to the city gate?

Short Essay Questions

1. What does Catiline deliver to his men, what do they ask him and what is his response?

2. What do Catiline's followers want to do with Cicero?

3. What does Cicero do with some of the conspirators and what is their ultimate fate? Who argues for their fate?

4. What assassinations does Catiline plot and what does he plan to do with Piso?

5. What does Catline do when he realizes he is being defeated?

6. What does Cathegus say he will do about Cicero?

7. How does Sallust's disgust for greed relate to what Catiline said he wanted to do?

8. What did Cicero do when he uncovered Catiline's plans and how did this stymie Cataline's plans?

9. What and where is Manilos doing?

10. Who does Catiline attract people to his cause and what kind of people does he attract?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Jugurtha's actions end up bringing the corruption in the Roman government to light and proves to be the initial impetus for eliminating some of that corruption.

1. In view of the brutalities and crimes Jugurtha committed do you think the ultimate outcome in the Roman government was worth it? Why or why not? Use examples from the text to support your answer.

2. Sallust seems to present Jugurtha in a positive manner and might even admire him. How do you think Sallust's portrayal of Jugurtha would have changed if the changes Sallust wanted had not been a result of Jugurtha's actions?

3. Explain why the following saying relates to the first sentence: The end justifies the means.

Essay Topic 2

It seems strange that Sallust represents Jugurtha as an honorable man and then suggests that his motives behind his violence were nothing more than a lust for power, control and war.

1. Discuss, with examples from the text, the above statement.

2. Jugurtha committed many atrocities in his quest for power. Discuss how you believe his behavior would be settled in an international court for war crimes. How are his actions similar to some of the war crimes which have been tried in the past twenty years?

3. Jugurtha killed not only many people, but his own adopted brothers and even tortured Adherbal. Do you think fratricide is morally more reprehensible than murder of a person who is unknown to the criminal? Why or why not?

Essay Topic 3

Discuss one of the following:

1. Trace and analyze the theme of manipulation and power in The Jugurthine War. Consider the following questions as you write: Which persons are most concerned with manipulation and power? Why? What are some symbols of manipulation and power? Symbols of powerlessness? Which persons seem powerless?

2. Trace and analyze the theme of hypocrisy in The Jugurthine War. Which persons seem hypocritical? Why? Which persons seem sincere? Why? Which ones seem not to care about looking good to others? What is the difference between how the two types live?

3. Trace and analyze the theme of death in The Jugurthine War. Compare and contrast how the people of the Roman era view death to the views of those in 2010. Which is most like your own view of death? Who seems afraid of dying? Not afraid? Who meets death gracefully? In resignation? With joy? With fear?

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