Print
Word
PDF
|
| Name: _________________________ | Period: ___________________ |
This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.
Short Answer Questions
1. What is one thing the thumb is uniquely able to do?
2. How does a goat eat a piece of candy?
3. What does Herophilus discover?
4. How many muscles that are attached to the thumb enable it to do its work?
5. Where in Europe does Wilson take his interest in the performance problems of musicians?
Short Essay Questions
1. What does Charles Bell believe about practice?
2. What does practice after learning do?
3. What puzzles Frank Wilson about rock climbing and piano playing? Why?
4. What do humans need to move out of the jungle?
5. How does the touch of the pianist differ from that of the rock climber?
6. What are the eight features of the human hand according to Mary Marzke?
7. What does Wilson propose as the juggling riddle, and why do children not aspire to juggle?
8. What does Wilson say about juggling as a pastime?
9. How were the ape and human hands compared anatomically until recently?
10. Who is George, and what does Wilson say about him?
Essay Topics
Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:
Essay Topic 1
In order for hominids to expand their range into habitats beyond the jungle, they required continuing brain evolution. The expansion of territory by hominids took group cooperation for survival. A professor of biology from the University of Liverpool named Robin Dunbar proposes a theory of brain growth, language and intelligence to correlate neocortex, brain size, with a stable group or tribe.
1. Explain how greater intelligence enabled hominids to leave the jungle. Use examples from the text to support your answer.
2. Explain, in depth, why cooperation among hominids would be an important aspect of survival. Use examples from the text to support your answer.
3. Discuss ways in which cooperation and social living might increase the brain size or intelligence of hominids. Use examples from the text to support your answer.
Essay Topic 2
Discuss the following:
1. Charles Bell asserts that practice enables the hand and eye to develop as sense organs so the brain teaches itself by making the hand and eye work together. Use examples from the text to support your answer.
2. Charles Sherrington claims the tip of the thumb and index finger are treated by the brain like the sensitive part of the retina. He claims the eye is drawn to the object automatically and the hand with its sensitive fingers grasps it. Use examples from the text to support your answer.
3. A biologic clock develops to set an internal time reference relative to the time used in a sequence of motion--for example, the time it takes for a ball to fall. Practice improves the sense of timing but a teacher or coach can help to sequence the process and eliminate making the same mistakes. Use examples from the text to support your answer.
Essay Topic 3
Monkeys and apes evolve from quadruped--walking on four legs--to biped, which enables movement on branches and treetops. The Pliocene epoch brings the hominids with a recognizable four-finger hand and thumb exemplified by Lucy, lacking some flexibilities of a modern hand. For example Lucy can pound and throw stones accurately overhand, unlike chimps that throw only underhand. These bio mechanical hand changes are accompanied by increased brain size, social structure, communication and cooperative tool making.
1. Discuss, in depth, how bipedal locomotion gave the hominids more survival advantages over apes. Use examples from the text to support your answer.
2. Discuss, in depth, why it was so important about Lucy developing four fingers and a thumb? Use examples from the text to support your answer.
3. Give reasons why the bio mechanical hand changes helped to increase brain size. Use examples from the text to support your answer.
|
This section contains 1,030 words (approx. 4 pages at 300 words per page) |
|
