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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What does Rousseau say the restrictions imposed by arts and sciences do?
(a) Make untalented people famous.
(b) Make despotic governments bearable.
(c) Make people civilized.
(d) Make people think.

2. What is best represented by the "Philosophes"?
(a) The French Revolution.
(b) The Enlightenment.
(c) Changes in the Monarchy.
(d) Democracy.

3. What does Rousseau say matters little in the pursuit of virtue?
(a) Work.
(b) Art.
(c) Education.
(d) Philosophy.

4. Who attacked art and science according to Rousseau?
(a) Socrates.
(b) Plato.
(c) Hobbes.
(d) Aristotle.

5. What was the most popular form of government in Europe during Rousseau's time?
(a) Enlightened Despotism.
(b) Capitalism.
(c) Monarchy.
(d) Democracy.

Short Answer Questions

1. What does Rousseau say at the end of Chapter 1 might contradict virtue?

2. What does Rousseau say might result only in ignorance?

3. What displays apparent contradiction between virtue and enlightenment according to Rousseau in the First Discourse?

4. What does Rousseau say men are coming to?

5. What does Rousseau say humanity possessed even before the advent of art?

Short Essay Questions

1. What claim about civilization is made at the start of Chapter 2?

2. At the start of Chapter 1, what is Rousseau concerned about?

3. How does Rousseau depict men of today?

4. How does Rousseau explain the nature of man in relation to art?

5. Why is Rousseau concerned about children?

6. What is the most popular form of government in 18th century France and how is it described?

7. At the end of Chapter 2, what does Rousseau believe about talented people?

8. What does the First Discourse argue?

9. What examples does Rousseau offer in his demonstration of how progress produced corruption?

10. What does Rousseau argue about his society according to the Introduction?

(see the answer keys)

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