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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Why does Machiavelli suggest that Republics arrive to changing with the times later than individuals?
(a) Because Citizens in a Republic are resistant to funding changes.
(b) Because their leaders are out of touch with the Citizens.
(c) Because they suffer more in changing.
(d) Because the layers of bureaucracy is unresponsive.

2. On what does Machiavelli believe a Republic must be organized?
(a) The virtu of its Captains who will effectively deceive enemies.
(b) On the reputation of Citizens that give benefit to the city and avoid harming it and its liberty.
(c) The strength of its armies that can occupy provinces.
(d) The wisdom of its Nobles who will know how to use wealth.

3. What were placed to the right and the left of every battle line of the Roman army?
(a) Tribunes.
(b) Captains.
(c) Plebs.
(d) The cavalry.

4. What is Machiavelli's preferred military department?
(a) The Cavalry.
(b) The Artillery.
(c) The infantry (foot soldier).
(d) The Navy

5. What does Machiavelli consider to be necessary when restoring a Republic from a Tyranny?
(a) Public works projects that help provide citizens with provisions.
(b) Colonies.
(c) Memorable executions against the enemies of the Republic.
(d) Free, fair elections.

Short Answer Questions

1. To whom did Machiavelli refer to demonstrate the value of poverty on the character of leadership?

2. Of what is Machiavelli referring when he addresses the use of deceit in managing wars?

3. What type of person does Machiavelli advise against promoting to important positions in a Republic?

4. Why does Machiavelli consider the public a better judge than Princes for who should occupy public offices.

5. What does Machiavelli recommend as the three ways to restore a divided city?

Short Essay Questions

1. What does Machiavelli consider to be the purpose of expanding an Empire and why must a Prince be well organized in expanding it properly?

2. Why does Machiavelli recommend to avoid appointing anyone who has been offended to an important position in government?

3. Why doesn't Machiavelli expect promises made under force to be kept?

4. What does Machiavelli mean when he discusses using "...deceit in the managing of a war..." and why does he consider it a glorious thing?

5. What does Machiavelli believe is the consequence of insulting anyone with words?

6. Why does Machiavelli in Section 28 recommend that Citizens be allowed to obtain honors through public means, but prevented from seeking honors through private means?

7. Why did "Captains of Fortune" favor cavalry over infantry?

8. Why does Machiavelli devote his longest section of "The Discourses" to discussing conspiracy?

9. Why would there be much bloodshed in the cases that a Republic moves violently from tyranny to freedom?

10. Why does Machiavelli consider negotiating peace treaties with insurrectionists to be the most harmful method of ending conflicts in a City?

(see the answer keys)

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