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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. With "City Flow" moving towards them in Heimaey, what do pumping crews do?
(a) Send an emergency request for more crews and equipment.
(b) Dismantle and move equipment to save it.
(c) Board a ship and leave.
(d) Abandon efforts and run away.

2. After work crews deal with the moving mountain on Iceland's erupting island, what challenge do they face?
(a) Blinding blizzard that buries the equipment.
(b) New lava flow that threatens the town.
(c) Orders from Iceland's government to stop all cooling efforts.
(d) Pumps that fail due to excessive heat.

3. After being hosed down, how long does it take for red-hot lava to turn black?
(a) Four weeks.
(b) Hours to days.
(c) Two and a half weeks.
(d) A month and a half.

4. Thorbjorn Sigurgeirsson is a native of which country?
(a) Sweden.
(b) Iceland.
(c) Finland.
(d) Greenland.

5. Reykjavik is the capital city of what nation?
(a) Greenland.
(b) Iceland.
(c) Denmark.
(d) Poland.

Short Answer Questions

1. How tall does the erupting volcano in Heimaey grow to above sea level?

2. Thorbjorn Sigurgeirsson decides to try to stop the chunk of mountain moving towards Heimaey's town and harbor by:

3. Heimaey is considered to be an important what?

4. Sigurdur Jonsson is an Iceland resident who works on what?

5. Results of the U.S. Army Air Corps' actions on an insulating vent on Mauna Loa volcano in 1935 cannot be confirmed because:

Short Essay Questions

1. What hazards do workers face as they try to stop the lava flows?

2. How do the working crews stop the large chunk of mountain from crashing into Heimaey's town and port?

3. Describe work crews' first attempts at cooling off the lava flows of Heimaey in 1973.

4. What is the population of Iceland's Heimaey before and after the 1973 eruptions?

5. Describe what happens to the north side of the growing volcano on Heimaey.

6. How does the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration protect its sensitive, expensive equipment against damaging lava in Hawaii?

7. Is there any warning prior to the eruption in Heimaey that began on January 23, 1973?

8. Describe how Thorbjorn Sigurgeirsson and Sveinn Eiriksson work together to fight against the lava that threatens Heimaey's town and harbor.

9. How do the views of Hawaiian natives towards volcanoes differ from the views of the U.S. Army Air Corps?

10. What role does Magnus Magnusson play during the 1973 volcanic eruptions in Heimaey?

(see the answer keys)

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