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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. When does the author visit Vestmannaeyjar?
(a) When the ice shelf collapses.
(b) During the eruption.
(c) Fifteen years after the collapse of the ice shelf.
(d) Fifteen years after the eruption.

2. What nickname do the residents of Heimaey give to Sveinn Eiriksson?
(a) Patton.
(b) Powell.
(c) Roosevelt.
(d) Grant.

3. In Hawaii, how many volcanoes are there within the group that includes Mauna Loa?
(a) Two.
(b) Ten.
(c) Seven.
(d) Five.

4. What does the U.S. Army Air Corps do to an insulating vent on Mauna Loa volcano in 1935?
(a) Bombs it.
(b) Floods it with water.
(c) Attaches vibration sensors.
(d) Fills it with boulders.

5. During Thorbjorn Sigurgeirsson's test run to cool lava by the coastline, what happens?
(a) Lava cools completely and stops flowing.
(b) Lava cools slightly, but it doesn't solidify.
(c) Water solidifies lava, but it doesn't cool completely.
(d) Water evaporates before it can solidify lava.

Short Answer Questions

1. Sigurdur Jonsson is an Iceland resident who works on what?

2. What do work crews call the two-million ton floating mountain that breaks off during the 1973 eruptions?

3. What is Thorbjorn Sigurgeirsson's vocation?

4. Officials propose to protect Hilo, Hawaii's second-largest city and port, against lava flows through what?

5. How tall does the erupting volcano in Heimaey grow to above sea level?

Short Essay Questions

1. How do the working crews stop the large chunk of mountain from crashing into Heimaey's town and port?

2. What is the "City Flow?"

3. The author moves away from his discussion of Iceland's 1973 lava eruptions to talk about Hawaii's volcanoes. Describe what he writes about the U.S. Army Air Corps' attempts to stop lava from burying Hawaii's towns and cities.

4. Describe how Heimaey residents are evacuated following the eruptions that begin unexpectedly in 1973.

5. Describe how workers are able to walk upon lava fields as they try to cool down the lava on Heimaey in 1973.

6. Who is Thorbjorn Sigurgeirsson, and what idea does he come up with?

7. What role does Magnus Magnusson play during the 1973 volcanic eruptions in Heimaey?

8. Describe how Thorbjorn Sigurgeirsson and Sveinn Eiriksson work together to fight against the lava that threatens Heimaey's town and harbor.

9. Is there any warning prior to the eruption in Heimaey that began on January 23, 1973?

10. What is threatened in Heimaey as a result of the unexpected volcanic eruption of 1973?

(see the answer keys)

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