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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Thorbjorn Sigurgeirsson decides to try to stop the chunk of mountain moving towards Heimaey's town and harbor by:
(a) Pumping seawater directly onto the mountain.
(b) Blowing up the mountain with a thousand sticks of dynamite.
(c) Blocking the mountain with a natural barrier of cooled lava.
(d) Ordering a plane to drop a bomb on the mountain.

2. How tall does the erupting volcano in Heimaey grow to above sea level?
(a) Three thousand feet.
(b) One thousand two hundred feet.
(c) Seven hundred feet.
(d) One hundred feet.

3. What is Thorbjorn Sigurgeirsson's idea to stop the flow of lava?
(a) Cooling it.
(b) Building a metal wall.
(c) Redirecting it.
(d) Digging channels and ditches.

4. Thorbjorn Sigurgeirsson is a native of which country?
(a) Sweden.
(b) Greenland.
(c) Iceland.
(d) Finland.

5. What gives Thorbjorn Sigurgeirsson the idea to cool the oncoming flow of lava?
(a) His post-graduate studies.
(b) Watching lava cool by the sea.
(c) Watching children play by the water.
(d) Stories he'd heard of ancestors doing the same.

Short Answer Questions

1. When Magnus Magnusson takes the author to visit an old monument in Iceland, what do they do?

2. Sveinn Eiriksson is a man of:

3. Results of the U.S. Army Air Corps' actions on an insulating vent on Mauna Loa volcano in 1935 cannot be confirmed because:

4. The Civil Defense Council in the Reykjavik National Emergency Center is established in 1962 as what?

5. What do doctors dispense to workers who are cooling down the lava in Iceland to soothe their hoarse throats?

Short Essay Questions

1. What role does Magnus Magnusson play during the 1973 volcanic eruptions in Heimaey?

2. What is the "City Flow?"

3. Briefly describe Mauna Loa.

4. Who is Thorbjorn Sigurgeirsson, and what idea does he come up with?

5. What is the population of Iceland's Heimaey before and after the 1973 eruptions?

6. How do the views of Hawaiian natives towards volcanoes differ from the views of the U.S. Army Air Corps?

7. Describe what happens to the north side of the growing volcano on Heimaey.

8. Describe how Heimaey residents are evacuated following the eruptions that begin unexpectedly in 1973.

9. Describe how workers are able to walk upon lava fields as they try to cool down the lava on Heimaey in 1973.

10. How old are the oldest parts of Hawaii and Iceland?

(see the answer keys)

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