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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. After work crews deal with the moving mountain on Iceland's erupting island, what challenge do they face?
(a) Pumps that fail due to excessive heat.
(b) New lava flow that threatens the town.
(c) Blinding blizzard that buries the equipment.
(d) Orders from Iceland's government to stop all cooling efforts.

2. What do doctors dispense to workers who are cooling down the lava in Iceland to soothe their hoarse throats?
(a) Norwegian chest drops.
(b) Swedish chest lozenges.
(c) Icelandic throat lozenges.
(d) Finnish cough drops.

3. Thorbjorn Sigurgeirsson is a native of which country?
(a) Iceland.
(b) Finland.
(c) Sweden.
(d) Greenland.

4. After the eruptions of 1973 end, how many of Heimaey's evacuees return?
(a) Half.
(b) Only a handful.
(c) All of them.
(d) Two-thirds.

5. When the author walks the streets of Iceland's Heimaey years after the 1973 eruption, what does he see?
(a) A completely deserted ghost town.
(b) Several new neighborhoods built atop cooled lava flows.
(c) Vacant houses that have never been repaired.
(d) A town twice as large as before the eruption.

6. To cool the lava flows of 1973, what does Valdimar Jonsson suggest?
(a) Redirecting the flow towards an iceberg.
(b) Using ice and snow.
(c) Stacking ice blocks along the lava's path.
(d) Using ten times more water.

7. In 1973, the eruptions in Heimaey begin on January 23 and continue vigorously before diminishing in strength through when?
(a) January 30th.
(b) February 25th.
(c) March 1st.
(d) February 5th.

8. In Heimaey, who is Sveinn Eiriksson?
(a) Physician.
(b) Volcano expert.
(c) Reporter.
(d) Fire chief.

9. When the author recounts the moments before the 1973 eruption in Heimaey, he describes what?
(a) An uncanny silence settling over the land.
(b) Vibrations that are not unusual for the region.
(c) A violent shaking of the ground.
(d) A loud, deep sound emanating from the volcano.

10. What does Magnus Magnusson tell Thorbjorn Sigurgeirsson to protect first during the eruptions of 1973?
(a) City.
(b) Fisheries.
(c) Canneries.
(d) Harbor.

11. How do the returning residents benefit from the cooled but still hot lava rocks on Vestmannaeyjar?
(a) The rocks are used for heating purposes.
(b) Heat from the rocks promotes growth of beneficial bacteria.
(c) The heat provides protection against invaders.
(d) Lava rocks are used to create healing hot springs.

12. Why do residents of Heimaey hose down oncoming lava?
(a) Create a chilled wall of lava to stop the flow.
(b) It was attempted there before successfully.
(c) Because of local superstitions.
(d) Act of desperation in fear of the oncoming lava.

13. With "City Flow" moving towards them in Heimaey, what do pumping crews do?
(a) Board a ship and leave.
(b) Send an emergency request for more crews and equipment.
(c) Dismantle and move equipment to save it.
(d) Abandon efforts and run away.

14. When does hot lava stop glowing red?
(a) Below thirty-five hundred degrees.
(b) When it hits an iceberg.
(c) Below fifteen hundred degrees.
(d) When the air temperature is minus twenty.

15. Sigurdur Jonsson is an Iceland resident who works on what?
(a) Tourism.
(b) Polar bear protection.
(c) Pumping crews.
(d) Fishing boats.

Short Answer Questions

1. In "Cooling the Lava," when the author redirects his conversation to Hawaii he talks about the The Hawaiian Research Association which formed in:

2. When workers in Vestmannaeyjar hose down lava, why do they keep moving?

3. Valdimar Jonsson is a professor of what?

4. Reykjavik is the capital city of what nation?

5. What nickname do the residents of Heimaey give to Sveinn Eiriksson?

(see the answer keys)

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