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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What is Thorbjorn Sigurgeirsson's idea to stop the flow of lava?
(a) Digging channels and ditches.
(b) Redirecting it.
(c) Building a metal wall.
(d) Cooling it.

2. In 1973, the eruptions in Heimaey begin on January 23 and continue vigorously before diminishing in strength through when?
(a) February 5th.
(b) February 25th.
(c) March 1st.
(d) January 30th.

3. When does hot lava stop glowing red?
(a) Below fifteen hundred degrees.
(b) When the air temperature is minus twenty.
(c) When it hits an iceberg.
(d) Below thirty-five hundred degrees.

4. What ultimately happens to the moving piece of mountain on Vestmannaeyjar?
(a) Hits another mountain and stops.
(b) Falls into the ocean.
(c) Breaks up into smaller, non-moving pieces.
(d) Completely destroys the town and stops.

5. What gives Thorbjorn Sigurgeirsson the idea to cool the oncoming flow of lava?
(a) Stories he'd heard of ancestors doing the same.
(b) Watching lava cool by the sea.
(c) His post-graduate studies.
(d) Watching children play by the water.

6. Sigurdur Jonsson is an Iceland resident who works on what?
(a) Tourism.
(b) Polar bear protection.
(c) Fishing boats.
(d) Pumping crews.

7. The Hawaiian Research Association forms for what purpose?
(a) Relocating residents directly in the path of flowing lava.
(b) Studying the nature of lava flows.
(c) Preventing lava from burying cities.
(d) Revisiting Hawaiian legends to learn more about lava.

8. In "Cooling the Lava," when the author redirects his conversation to Hawaii he talks about the The Hawaiian Research Association which formed in:
(a) 1885.
(b) 1911.
(c) 1932.
(d) 1956.

9. How long does the the Mauna Loa eruption of 1984 last?
(a) Three months.
(b) Thirty-three days.
(c) Thirty-three weeks.
(d) Three weeks.

10. For the most part, residents of Heimaey are what during the 1973 eruptions?
(a) Calm.
(b) Panicked.
(c) Frightened.
(d) Indifferent.

11. In gallons, how much water is pumped onto the lava flows of Heimaey each day?
(a) Thirteen thousand.
(b) Thirty thousand.
(c) Thirteen hundred.
(d) Thirty million.

12. Why do residents of Heimaey hose down oncoming lava?
(a) Create a chilled wall of lava to stop the flow.
(b) It was attempted there before successfully.
(c) Act of desperation in fear of the oncoming lava.
(d) Because of local superstitions.

13. Heimaey is considered to be an important what?
(a) Fishing center.
(b) Lumber producer.
(c) Cultural hub.
(d) Polar bear sanctuary.

14. Both Iceland and Hawaii are the world's most what?
(a) Dangerous places to live.
(b) Inhabited islands.
(c) Earthquake-prone islands.
(d) Productive geophysical hotspots.

15. What does the U.S. Army Air Corps do to an insulating vent on Mauna Loa volcano in 1935?
(a) Bombs it.
(b) Attaches vibration sensors.
(c) Floods it with water.
(d) Fills it with boulders.

Short Answer Questions

1. What do work crews call the two-million ton floating mountain that breaks off during the 1973 eruptions?

2. What position does Magnus Magnusson hold in 1973?

3. After work crews deal with the moving mountain on Iceland's erupting island, what challenge do they face?

4. When the author recounts the moments before the 1973 eruption in Heimaey, he describes what?

5. Even though Hawaii's Hilo is often threatened by lava flows, Hilo has thus far been protected because:

(see the answer keys)

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