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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. How did John C. Calhoun believe the North was attempting to gain political control over new states?

2. With what famous military victory is Andrew Jackson associated?

3. To which phrase in the Declaration of Independence did John C. Calhoun object?

4. What practice among Northern factories did John C. Calhoun condemn?

5. How long did Abraham Lincoln initially plan for the war to last?

Short Essay Questions

1. Which citizens did the Founders originally intend to give the most power and why?

2. What is "wage slavery?"

3. How did Andrew Jackson support the growth of capitalism in the United States?

4. What is an agrarian lifestyle?

5. Why did Wendell Phillips criticize capitalism?

6. Why does Hofstadter consider Wendell Phillips the most effective abolitionist?

7. Why did the Populists see the Bank of America as an undemocratic institution?

8. How did the American aristocracy establish their social hierarchy in the 18th and 19th centuries?

9. Why didn't the Founders want to establish a monarchy?

10. How did Abraham Lincoln rise to power?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Describe capitalism. How has capitalism affected the economy of the United States? How are the principles of economic capitalism associated with civil rights as they are outlined in the Constitution?

Essay Topic 2

Describe how war and economic crises have affected American politics and economic policies in the 20th century. What political and social policies have arisen as a direct result of international conflict? How did the Great Depression change the way Americans view their economy? How has a global society affected the economic practices of the United States?

Essay Topic 3

How did aggressive land speculation lead to the threat of economic instability in the early 19th century? What role did the Bank of the United States play in this event? How did Andrew Jackson use this situation to his political and financial advantage?

(see the answer keys)

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