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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Which scientific theory became popular during the Gilded Age?
(a) Darwin's Theory of Evolution.
(b) The Big Bang Theory.
(c) Einstein's Theory of Relativity.
(d) The Theory of Quantum Mechanics.

2. Who won the presidential election in 1916?
(a) Theodore Roosevelt.
(b) Warren G. Harding.
(c) William Howard Taft.
(d) Woodrow Wilson.

3. Where did Herbert Hoover gain his diplomatic experience?
(a) While fighting in Italy.
(b) In Europe during World War I.
(c) While at Harvard.
(d) Though an internship with the American Red Cross.

4. How does Hofstadter characterize American culture in the late nineteenth century?
(a) Flourishing after one hundred years of capitalism.
(b) Rough, individualistic, and obsessed with material gain.
(c) Refined, moral, and concerned with social appearances.
(d) Greedy, immoral, and obsessed with conquest.

5. With which political party is Woodrow Wilson associated?
(a) The Republican Party.
(b) The Progressive Party.
(c) The Libertarian Party.
(d) The Democratic Party.

6. What did Theodore Roosevelt believe the Spanish-American War would produce in the United States?
(a) The state of Texas.
(b) A sense of righteousness.
(c) A boom to the economy.
(d) A martial spirit and new political virtue.

7. What economic program did Franklin Roosevelt initiate as president?
(a) New Freedom.
(b) ACLU.
(c) The New Deal.
(d) The Freedom Act.

8. According to Hofstadter, which politician was the only person to have his status elevated as a result of World War I?
(a) Herbert Hoover.
(b) Theodore Roosevelt.
(c) Franklin D. Roosevelt.
(d) William Howard Taft.

9. Why did Theodore Roosevelt oppose the League of Nations?
(a) He did not want to listen to foreign leadership.
(b) He felt it was an economic sinkhole.
(c) He trusted no one outside of his Cabinet.
(d) He felt war was a necessity.

10. How does Hofstadter describe Grover Cleveland's economic policies?
(a) Socialist.
(b) Laissez-faire capitalism.
(c) Mercantile.
(d) Corporate capitalism.

11. How did the business barons of the Gilded Age justify their wealth?
(a) There had always been wealthy men in society.
(b) They had not broken any laws.
(c) They had earned it.
(d) Wealth is a natural product of a healthy society.

12. Which political party dominated the political arena after the Civil War?
(a) The Democratic Party.
(b) The Republican Party.
(c) The Progressive Party.
(d) The Libertarian Party.

13. Which organization was credited for preserving European economies after World War I?
(a) The American Red Cross.
(b) The League of Nations.
(c) The United Nations.
(d) American Relief Administration.

14. Which late 19th century president does Hofstadter refer to as "dogmatic, obtuse, and insensitive?"
(a) Grover Cleveland.
(b) Ulysses S. Grant.
(c) Chester A. Arthur.
(d) James Garfield.

15. How did the Great Depression affect Herbert Hoover's political career?
(a) It bolstered his administration.
(b) It destroyed his reputation.
(c) It divided his administration.
(d) It had a negligible effect on his career.

Short Answer Questions

1. Who succeeded Woodrow Wilson as President of the United States?

2. In which famous trial did William Jennings Bryan argue against the teaching of evolution?

3. When did William Jennings Bryan resign from Woodrow Wilson's cabinet?

4. How does Hofstadter view Franklin Roosevelt?

5. Which political philosophies did Woodrow Wilson admire?

(see the answer keys)

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